Figure 8.

Virus-like particles loaded with CDG as a vaccine against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). A) Hollow PLGA nanoparticles are loaded with CDG as an adjuvant and engineered to display recombinant MERS-CoV antigens on the surface to mimic the structure of natural viruses. B-D) Vaccination with the viromimetic nanoparticles induces high proportions of CD4⁺IFN-γ⁺ functional T cells (B), CD4⁺CD44⁺CD62L⁺ central memory T cells (C), and CD8⁺IFN-γ⁺ effector T cells (D). Reproduced with permission (Lin et al., 2019). Copyright 2019, Wiley-VCH.