Table 3.
Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for the association of cardiovascular risk factors and incident atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality among those with coronary artery calcium 0 at baseline
| ASCVD | All-Cause Mortality | |
|---|---|---|
| Cigarette smoking status | ||
| Never | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Former | 1.07 (0.71,1.61) | 1.04 (0.79,1.38) |
| Current | 2.12 (1.32,3.42) | 2.66 (1.89,3.74) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1.68 (1.01,2.80) | 1.13 (0.78,1.63) |
| Hypertension | 1.57 (1.06,2.33) | 1.37 (1.03,1.81) |
| Aspirin use | 1.06 (0.66,1.69) | 0.79 (0.57,1.10) |
| Time varying statin use | 0.81 (0.53,1.24) | 0.79 (0.59,1.05) |
| Waist circumference, per 10 cm | 1.05 (0.91,1.20) | 1.10 (1.00,1.21) |
| Family history of premature ASCVD | 1.30 (0.86,1.96) | 0.83 (0.59,1.17) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 1.23 (0.77,1.95) | 1.14 (0.84,1.53) |
| HDL-C, per 10 mg/dL | 0.92 (0.79,1.06) | 0.96 (0.87,1.07) |
| Triglycerides, per 10 mg/dL | 1.00 (0.97,1.03) | 0.99 (0.97,1.02) |
| LDL-C, per 10 mg/dL | 0.99 (0.94,1.05) | 0.97 (0.92,1.01) |
| *Lp(a), per 5 mg/dL | 1.07 (0.46,2.49) | 1.21 (0.66,2.22) |
| *hsCRP, per mg/L | 1.00 (0.84,1.19) | 1.12 (0.99,1.26) |
Abbreviations: SBP (systolic blood pressure); CHD (coronary heart disease); HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol); LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol); Lp(a) (lipoprotein (a)); hsCRP (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein).
*
Lp(a) and hsCRP are log-transformed
Model is adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, presence of healthcare insurance and all listed risk factors
BOLDED items are significant statistically significant (P < 0.05)