Table 3.
Summary of studies showing the prognostic value of LA mechanics in HF (stage C) with respect to hard and soft outcomes.
| References | Year | Study population (n) | HF stage | NYHA class | Method | Outcome | LA mechanic phase | Predictive value | HR or OR (*) (95% CI) at multivariable analysis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carluccio (51) | 2018 | HFrEF (405) | C | 141 (35%) ≥ III | 2D-STE | Composite (All-cause mortality + HF hospitalization) | Reservoir | per 1-SD decrease | 1.38 (1.05 ÷ 1.84) |
| Lundberg (52) | 2019 | HF (164) | C | 13 (8%) = I 27 (16%) = II 115 (70%) = III 9 (6%) = IV |
2D-STE | Composite (All-cause mortality + heart Tx) | Reservoir | <21% | 2.4 (1.1 ÷ 5.2) |
| Reddy (53) | 2019 | Exertional dyspnoea (363) | C | Not reported | 2D-STE | HFpEF diagnosis | Reservoir | ≥24.45% | 0.95 (0.94 ÷ 0.97)* |
| Telles (54) | 2019 | Exertional dyspnoea (71) | C | 2.5 ± 0.6 | 2D-STE | HFpEF diagnosis | Reservoir | ≤ 33% | NA |
| Reddy (55) | 2020 | HFpEF (285) | C | Not reported | 2D-STE | Progression to permanent AF | Reservoir | <31.5% | 6.8 (3.3 ÷ 14.1) |
*
Odds Ratio.
Tx, transplantation; other abbreviations as in the previous tables.