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| catalyst | dye concentration (ppm) | degradation efficiency (%) | time (min) | ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CuFe2O4 | 18 | 62.37 | 210 | (47) |
| ZnO | 5 | 49 | 60 | (48) |
| ZnO modified with EDTA | 94.14 | |||
| CdSe/TiO2 | 10 | 99 | 360 | (49) |
| chitosan-supported ZnO | 5 | ∼100 | 90 | (50) |
| Pd/WO3 photocatalyst | 5 | 66.66 | 360 | (51) |
| Au–ZnO nanofilm | 10 | 76.92 | 240 | (52) |
| Zi-AuNPs | 25 | 81.14 | 100 | current study |
| 50 | 63.29 |
