Table 4.
Perceived related effects/events among dental students based on the current status of smoking
| Total | Smoking status | P | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Never smoke | Tobacco only | E-cigarette only | Dual user | |||
| Have you experienced the following problems in the last month? | ||||||
| Sore mouth and/or throat | 1600 (28.3) | 1314 (28.9) | 162 (27.4) | 54 (21.4) | 70 (26.8) | 0.062 |
| Dry mouth and/or throat | 1367 (24.7) | 1042 (23.4) | 172 (29.3) | 81 (33.3) | 72 (28.1) | < 0.001 |
| Mouth and/or tongue inflammation | 517 (9.2) | 425 (9.4) | 52 (8.8) | 25 (9.9) | 15 (5.7) | 0.245 |
| Black tongue | 182 (3.2) | 129 (2.8) | 23 (3.9) | 14 (5.6) | 16 (6.1) | 0.002 |
| Gingivitis | 1077 (19.1) | 883 (19.4) | 111 (18.7) | 42 (16.7) | 41 (15.8) | 0.354 |
| Nose bleeding | 485 (8.6) | 390 (8.6) | 46 (7.7) | 21 (8.4) | 28 (10.7) | 0.557 |
| Headache | 3015 (53.3) | 2476 (54.5) | 311 (52.4) | 112 (44.3) | 116 (44.6) | < 0.001 |
| Cough | 1635 (28.9) | 1293 (28.5) | 198 (33.4) | 62 (24.6) | 82 (31.4) | 0.026 |
| Chest pain | 1000 (17.7) | 756 (16.7) | 141 (23.7) | 44 (17.5) | 59 (22.7) | < 0.001 |
| Dizziness | 1715 (30.7) | 1390 (30.9) | 179 (30.4) | 68 (27.4) | 78 (30.1) | 0.698 |
| Heart palpitation | 1351 (23.9) | 1035 (22.8) | 176 (29.6) | 66 (26.3) | 74 (28.4) | 0.001 |
| Allergy | 997 (17.7) | 823 (18.1) | 93 (15.7) | 35 (13.9) | 46 (17.6) | 0.195 |
Yes response is reported