Table 3.
Laboratory data of pediatric COVID-19 cases.
| Variables | Total (Median, IQR) | Outcome | P-value | Severity | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Deceased (Median, IQR) | Recovered (Median, IQR) | ICU (Median, IQR) | Non-ICU (Median, IQR) | ||||
| WBC (μ/l) | 10,700 (6,500–16,000) | 15,950 (7,150–23,700) | 10,700 (6,300–14,800) | 0.16 | 17,850 (9,600–23,000) | 10,100 (6,100–13,600) | 0.004 |
| PMN (%) | 60 (41.5–73.5) | 62.5 (45–84) | 60 (40–72) | 0.47 | 66.5 (51–83.5) | 59 (40–70) | 0.09 |
| Lymph (%) | 39 (20.5–55) | 35 (16–55) | 39 (21.5–55) | 0.59 | 25 (16.5–54) | 39 (24.5–56) | 0.16 |
| HB (mg/dl) | 10.85 (9.50–12.60) | 10.40 (8.35–11.20) | 11 (9.50–12.70) | 0.15 | 11.2 (9.40–12.70) | 10.85 (9.50–12.60) | 0.94 |
| PLT (mm3/μl) | 185,000 (476–300,000) | 107,000 (64,000–328,000) | 191,500 (404–299,500) | 0.70 | 107,000 (62,000–292,000) | 191,500 (404–308,500) | 0.87 |
| ESR (mm/h) | 20 (9–41) | 15 (6–36) | 20 (9–43.5) | 0.50 | 25 (9–35) | 19 (9–46) | 0.71 |
| BUN (mg/dl) | 12 (9–14) | 12 (10.5–16.5) | 11 (9–14) | 0.43 | 11 (9–13) | 12 (9–14) | 0.59 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.6 (0.5–0.6) | 0.6 (0.55–0.7) | 0.6 (0.5–0.60) | 0.28 | 0.6 (0.50–0.60) | 0.59 (0.5–0.6) | 0.61 |
| K (mEq/L) | 4.2 (4–4.8) | 4.25 (3.65–4.7) | 4.20 (4–4.80) | 0.77 | 4.20 (4.10–4.70) | 4.25 (4–4.80) | 0.58 |
| Na (mEq/L) | 140 (137–143) | 140 (135–143) | 140 (137–143) | 0.82 | 140.5 (138–143) | 140 (137–142) | 0.26 |
| Ca (mg/dl) | 8.7 (8.3–9.6) | 8.3 (7.80–8.40) | 9.05 (8.5–9.6) | 0.20 | 8.40 (7.80–10) | 9.05 (8.50–9.55) | 0.42 |
| INR (second) | 1.2 (1–1.40) | 1.70 (1.40–1.80) | 1.10 (1–1.30) | 0.04 | 1.40 (1.10–1.80) | 1.15 (1–1.30) | 0.26 |
| PT (second) | 14.10 (13.20–15.20) | 17.35 (15.20–18.30) | 13.80 (13–14.60) | 0.006 | 15.85 (13.90–18.25) | 13.80 (13–14.60) | 0.02 |
| PTT (second) | 40 (38–46.5) | 49.5 (37–70) | 40 (39–40) | 0.21 | 46.5 (39.5–60.50) | 39.50 (38–40) | 0.07 |
| CPK (U/L) | 144 (82–363) | 938 (422–1,121) | 125.5 (82–226.5) | 0.01 | 570 (173–1,121) | 106.5 (81–207.5) | 0.004 |
| LDH (U/L) | 657 (559–883) | 1366 (883–1,887) | 650.5 (529.5–840.5) | 0.006 | 1124.5 (731.5–1917.5) | 651 (547–822) | 0.01 |
| ALT (IU/L) | 36 (20–60) | 56 (26–291) | 35 (19–58) | 0.12 | 52.5 (26–95) | 35 (19–51) | 0.13 |
| AST (IU/L) | 50 (37–71) | 62 (49–333) | 47 (35–71) | 0.18 | 70 (43.5–166.5) | 46 (35–60) | 0.04 |
| Abnormal urine analysis, N (%) | 6 (6.59) | 1 (12.50) | 5 (6.02) | 0.48 | 1 (6.25) | 5 (6.67) | 0.95 |
| Lymphopenia, N (%) |
19 (20.88) | 3 (37.50) | 16 (19.28) | 0.22 | 5 (31.25) | 14 (18.67) | 0.26 |
|
*CRP positive, N (%) |
45 (49.5) | 4 (50) | 41 (49.4) | 0.97 | 9 (56.3) | 36 (48) | 0.54 |
IQR, Interquartile Range; ICU, Intensive Care Unit; WBC, White Blood Cells; PMN, Polymorph nuclear leukocytes; HB, Hemoglobin; PLT, Platelet Cells; ESR, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate; BUN, Blood urea nitrogen; K, Potassium; Na, Sodium; Ca, Calcium; INR, International Normalized Ratio; PT, Prothrombin Time; PTT, Partial Thromboplastin Time; CPK, Creatine Phosphokinase; LDH, Lactate Dehydrogenase; ALT, Alanine Aminotransferase; AST, Aspartate Aminotransferase; CRP, C-reactive protein.
*
One plus (+1) and higher are considered as CRP positive (a value of 8–10 mg/L or lower is normal).
The threshold for significance is Bonferroni-corrected from P < 0.05 to P < 0.002.