Table 3.
Operative characteristics, adjunctive procedures, and outcome measures.
| Characteristic | Study cohort (n= 187) |
|---|---|
| Time from diagnosis to IRE treatment (mo.), median, (IQR) | 4 (12 – 69) |
| Total IRE delivery time (min.), median, (IQR) | 49 (2 - 307) |
| Total probe placement time (min.), median (IQR) | 15 (2 - 21) |
| Total procedure time (min.) median, (IQR) | 164 (50 - 540) |
| Time from procedure to discharge (days), median, (IQR) | 7 (2 - 27) |
| Patients requiring pullback, n (%) | 166 (89) |
| Patients with adjunctive procedures | 105 (56) |
| Adjunctive Procedure, n (%) | |
| Cholecystectomy | 57 (30) |
| Distal pancreatectomy | 3 (2) |
| Gastrojejunostomy | 39 (21) |
| Hepaticojejunostomy | 27 (14) |
| Jejunostomy-tube | 85 (45) |
| Portal vein or SMV resection | 12 (6) |
| Subtotal pancreatectomy with celiac resection | 5 (3) |
| Whipple | 17 (9) |
| Other(hernia repair, gastro-jejunostomy | 30 (16) |
| Patients receiving adjuvant therapy during follow-up, n (%) | 74 (40) |
| Time to local recurrence from diagnosis, (mo.), mean, (IQR) | 22.3 (0.1 - 77.1) |
| Time to local recurrence from IRE, (mo.), mean, (IQR) | 16.4 (0 - 52.5) |
| Time to distant recurrence from diagnosis, (mo.), mean, (IQR) | 21.9 (0.1 - 90.8) |
| Time to distant recurrence from IRE, (mo.), mean, (IQR) | 15.9 (0 - 52.5) |
| PFS from diagnosis, (mo.), median, (IQR) | 21.7 (0.1 – 77.1) |
| PFS from IRE, (mo.), median, (IQR) | 16.1 (0 - 52.5) |
| OS from diagnosis, (mo.), median, (IQR) | 25.5 (0.1 - 90.8) |
| OS from IRE, (mo.), median, (IQR) | 22.4 (0 - 52.5) |
| Recurrence type, n (%) | |
| Local | 32 (17) |
| Distant | 49 (26) |
| Location of distant progression, n (%) | |
| Bone | 1 (0.5) |
| Liver | 25 (13) |
| Lung | 13 (7) |
| Ascites | 2 (1) |
| Left suprarenal space | 1 (0.5) |
| Omentum | 1 (0.5) |
| Peritoneum | 4 (2) |
| RUQ small intestine | 1 (0.5) |
| Regional lymph node disease | 1 (0.5) |
| Retroperitoneal lymph node | 1 (0.5) |
| Abdominal wall | 1 (0.5) |
| Around mesenteric artery | 1 (0.5) |
IRE, irreversible electroporation; IQR, interquartile range; SMV, superior mesenteric vein; PFS, progression free survival; OS, overall survival; RUQ, right upper quadrant.