. 2022 Jan 13;8:775223. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.775223

Table 5.

Effect of dietary LST powder supplementation on serum, liver, and muscle antioxidant status of broiler chickens (n = 6).

Item¹	Treatment²				SEM⁴	P -value³
	LST0	LST1	LST2	LST4		ANOVA	Linear	Quadratic
Serum
ROS, IU/mL	468.28^a	449.93^a	347.53^b	363.49^b	16.91	0.011	0.003	0.542
MDA, nmol/mL	8.13^a	7.52^ab	6.42^b	6.95^b	0.22	0.027	0.013	0.147
SOD, ng/mL	3.52^b	4.52^a	4.60^a	5.35^a	0.21	0.01	0.001	0.731
CAT, pg/mL	354.02^c	448.06^b	511.58^a	495.54^ab	15.07	<0.01	<0.01	0.004
GSH-Px, ng/mL	149.52^b	167.36^ab	183.40^a	185.50^a	4.27	0.003	<0.01	0.239
Liver
ROS, IU/mg.pro	787.18^a	618.71^b	601.94^b	440.50^c	34.03	0.001	<0.01	0.942
MDA, nmol/mg.pro	14.47^a	11.71^b	10.96^bc	9.17^c	0.51	<0.01	<0.01	0.478
SOD, ng/mg.pro	14.71	14.37	13.46	14.36	0.64	0.925	0.748	0.654
CAT, pg/mg.pro	844.19^b	1214.18^a	1275.68^a	1351.24^a	52.36	<0.01	<0.01	0.051
GSH-Px, ng/mg.pro	361.38	387.06	417.96	425.84	11.61	0.18	0.035	0.691
Breast muscle
ROS, IU/mg.pro	798.37^a	663.31^ab	535.79^b	638.09^b	30.22	0.011	0.012	0.026
MDA, nmol/mg.pro	14.1^a	12.64^ab	9.98^c	11.04^bc	0.49	0.008	0.003	0.127
SOD, ng/mg.pro	10.83^b	13.56^a	15.23^a	13.18^a	0.49	0.007	0.022	0.006
CAT, pg/mg.pro	726.99^b	1049.43^a	1167.52^a	1164.84^a	50.98	0.001	<0.01	0.04
GSH-Px, ng/mg.pro	304.27^b	398.56^a	390.45^a	380.55^a	12.05	0.01	0.021	0.015

ROS, reactive oxygen species; MDA, malondialdehyde; SOD, superoxide dismutase; CAT, catalase; GSH-Px, glutathione peroxidase.

LST, Lasia spinosa Thw.; LST0, control diet; LST1, 1% supplementation level of LST powder; LST2, 2% supplementation level of LST powder; LST4, 4% supplementation level of LST powder.

Mean values within a row with different letters differ at p < 0.05.

⁴

SEM.

^(a–c)

are the presented letters of statistical p-value. Same letters in a row means that p > 0.05, presenting the statistical results not significant difference. Different letters in a row means that p < 0.05, presenting the analysis results in (a–c) are the presented letters of statistical p-value. Same letters in a row means that p > 0.05, presenting the statistical results not significant difference. Different letters in a row means that p < 0.05, presenting the analysis results in significant difference.