Table 2A.
Bivariable analysis of risk factors for cognitive impairment in participants with HIV
| Variable | Impaired N= 70 | Unimpaired N=136 | Odds ratio (95% CI) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age in years (SD) | 11.9 (2.2) | 12.4 (2.4) | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | 0.14 |
| Male sex (% male) | 34 (49%) | 80 (59%) | 0.66 (0.4–1.2) | 0.16 |
| Self-reported poor physical health (%) | 12 (17%) | 9 (7%) | 2.9 (1.2–7.4) | 0.02 |
| Not in school (%) | 9 (15%) | 5 (5%) | 3.2 (1.01–10.1) | 0.047 |
| SES Variables | ||||
| Low maternal education (<7 years) | 20 (30%) | 28(22%) | 1.5 (0.8–3.0) | 0.21 |
| Low paternal education (<9 years) | 19 (30%) | 22 (19%) | 1.8 (0.9–3.7) | 0.10 |
| Median Possession Index (IQR) | 2 (1–4) | 3.5 (2–4) | 0.8 (0.7–0.9) | 0.003 |
| Food insecurity (%) | 46 (66%) | 62 (46) | 2.2 (1.2 – 4.1) | 0.009 |
| Piped water in home (%) | 23 (33%) | 74(55) | 0.4 (0.2–0.7) | 0.003 |
| Electricity in home (%) | 52(75) | 110(82) | 0.7 (0.3–1.4) | 0.26 |
| Flush toilet in home (%) | 17(24) | 62(46) | 0.4 (0.2–0.7) | 0.003 |
| Nutritional Markers | ||||
| Growth Stunting (%) | 36(52%) | 30(22%) | 3.8 (2.1–7.1) | <0.001 |
| Low weight for height (%) | 38 (55%) | 36 (27%) | 3.4 (1.8–6.2) | <0.001 |
| History of malnutrition (%) | 23(33) | 40(29) | 1.17(0.6–2.2) | 0.61 |
| History of severe malnutrition (%) | 18(26) | 25(18) | 1.5 (0.7–3.1) | 0.22 |
| HIV Specific Variables | ||||
| History of WHO stage 4 (%) | 37(56%) | 53(41%) | 1.81(1.0–3.3) | 0.05 |
| Early initiation of ART (<1 year) | 6 (9%) | 16 (12%) | 0.7 (0.3–1.8) | 0.45 |
| Lowest recorded CD4 count<200 | 10 (16%) | 7 (6%) | 3.2 (1.1–8.7) | 0.01 |
| Mean viral load>4,000 copies/ml | 10 (17%) | 8 (7%) | 2.8 (1.0–7.5) | 0.04 |
| Median Illness Index | 4 (3–5) | 2.5 (2–4) | 1.7 (1.3 – 2.3) | <0.001 |
All variables are displayed as n (%), mean (SD) or median (IQR)