Table 2.

Body weight and glucose metabolism at the end of experimental periods.

Variables	AD-Con	AD-CS	AD-FF	CON
Body weight (g)	401 ± 6.5	425 ± 10*	396 ± 9.5	400 ± 10.3*
Weight gain for 5 weeks (g)	191 ± 7.6	216 ± 12*	187 ± 6.9	191 ± 9.8*
Epididymal fat pads (g/kg bw)	4.9 ± 0.4	4.9 ± 0.8	4.3 ± 0.3	4.6 ± 0.5
Retroperitoneal fat (g/kg bw)	5.8 ± 0.6	5.7 ± 0.7	5.2 ± 0.6	5.3 ± 0.6
Visceral fat mass (g/kg bw)	10.7 ± 1.1	10.6 ± 1.5	9.5 ± 8.4*	9.9 ± 10.1
Food intake (g)	15.2 ± 1.1	17.3 ± 1.2*	15.9 ± 0.8	16.4 ± 1.2
CS or FF intake (mg/kg bw/day)	–	204 ± 14.2	200 ± 11	–
Fasting serum glucose (mg/dL)	102 ± 7.4	101 ± 5.0	98.8 ± 4.6	99.5 ± 3.0
Fasting serum insulin (ng/ml)	1.18 ± 0.22	1.08 ± 0.19	1.01 + 0.13*	1.01 ± 0.15*
HOMA-IR	7.4 ± 0.11	6.7 ± 0.10	6.2 ± 0.08*	6.2 ± 0.11*
Serum TNF-α (pg/mL)	77.8 ± 6.4	62.9 ± 6.2*†	58.9 ± 5.4*	54.7 ± 5.1*
Serum AST (IU/L)	44.0 ± 2.1	30.7 ± 2.4*†	30.0 ± 2.6*†	36.8 ± 2.2*
Serum ALT (IU/L)	42.6 ± 6.3	29.4 ± 8.6*	24.2 ± 4.0*	29.0 ± 5.3*

Amyloid-β_(25–35) infused rats were fed a high-fat diet containing dextrin (the AD-CON group), water extract of Cassiae Semen (the AD-CS group) or water extract of Forsythiae Fructus (the AD-FF group) for 49 days. Amyloid-β_(35–25) infused rats were fed a high-fat diet containing dextrin (the CON group). HOMA-IR, Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance; TNF-α, tumour necrosis factor-α; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase. Values represent means ± standard deviations (n = 10).

*Significantly different from the AD-CON by Tukey test at p < 0.05.

^†Significantly different from the CON by Tukey test at p < 0.05.