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. 2022 Jan 27;17(1):e0262586. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262586

Table 3. Effect of different nutrient sources and weed management practices on nutrient uptake by rice plants at harvest.

Treatment Nutrient uptake (kg·ha-1) by grain Nutrient uptake (kg·ha-1) by straw
N P K N P K
Year
Year 1 83.6a 10.8b 19.7a 64.0a 13.3b 100.2a
Year 2 84.8a 11.4a 19.7a 96.5a 14.2a 107.3b
Nutrient management            
Fert100 81.0b 11.2a 15.8c 96.8a 14.1ab 111.8a
Fert75-VC25 83.3ab 11.6a 18.3b 98.0a 14.5a 98.1b
Fert75-FYM25 90.1a 11.6a 21.9a 97.5a 13.4ab 10.2a
Fert75-BSM25 89.3a 11.3a 21.7a 91.4a 13.8ab 104.0ab
Fert75-NC25 77.2b 9.7b 20.9a 92.6a 12.9b 96.7b
Weed management            
Weedy 73.9c 9.8c 16.9c 90.4b 13.3b 91.9b
Herbicide 86.0b 11.2b 18.2b 95.0ab 13.4b 107.8a
Integrated 92.7a 12.3a 24.0a 100.4a 14.4a 111.5a
Source of variation
Year ns * ns ns *** **
NM *** *** *** ns ** ***
WM *** *** *** *** ** ***
Year × NM ns ns ns ns ** ns
Year × WM ns * ns ns ns ns
NM × WM *** *** *** *** ** ***
Year × NM × WM ns ns ns ns ns ns

NM, nutrient management; WM, weed management; N, nitrogen; P, phosphorus; K, potassium; VC, vermicompost; FYM, farmyard manure; BSM, brassicaceous seed meal; NC, neem cake; Fert100, full dose of N,P and K through fertilizer; Fert75-VC25, 75% of N and 100% of P and K through fertilizer with 25% N through VC; Fert75-FYM25, 75% of N and 100% of P and K through fertilizer with 25% N through FYM; Fert75-BSM25, 75% of N and 100% of P and K through fertilizer with 25% N through BSM; Fert75-NC25, 75% of N and 100% of P and K through fertilizer with 25% N through NC; Weedy, no weeding; Herbicide, bispyribac-sodium 25 g/ha at 15 DAT fbmetsulfuron methyl + chlorimuron ethyl (2+2) g/ha at 30 DAT; Integrated, bensulfuron methyl + pretilachlor (60+600) g/ha at 5 DAT fb MW at 30 DAT; DAT, days after transplanting; Within year, nutrient and weed management, numbers followed by different letter indicate significant differences at p ≤0.05 (otherwise statistically at par); ns, non-significant (p> 0.05)

*, ** and *** indicate significant at p< 0.05, 0.01 and 0.001, respectively.