Table 4. Multivariable linear regression analysis for the association of gingival index with the various caregiver/child level factors.
| Variables | Unadjusted | Adjusted | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean±SD* | 95% Confidence Interval | Standardized Coefficients Beta | 95% Confidence Interval | p-value | |
| GINGIVAL INDEX | |||||
| Oral health literacy | |||||
| Low | 1.34±0.48 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Adequate | 1.26±0.46 | -0.21, 0.05 | -0.08 | -0.21, 0.06 | 0.283 |
| Participant’s age in years | |||||
| 6–12 | 1.15±0.50 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| 12–21 | 1.44±0.40 | 0.16, 0.41 ‡ | 0.30 | 0.13, 0.43 ‡ | <0.001 ‡ |
| History of Hospitalization in the last one year | |||||
| None | 1.31±0.47 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Yes | 1.19±0.48 | 0.26, -0.31 | -0.14 | -0.38, 0.01 | 0.068‡ |
| Frequency of brushing | |||||
| Less than twice daily | 1.31±0.44 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Twice daily or more | 1.30±0.49 | -0.14, 0.11 | -0.07 | -0.20, 0.07 | 0.336 |
| Monthly Household Income (USD) | |||||
| Less than 1650 | 1.32±0.36 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| 1650 to 3300 | 1.35±0.45 | -0.22, 0.28 | -0.09 | -0.36, 0.07 | 0.420 |
| 3301 to 6600 | 1.26±0.48 | -0.28, 0.17 | -0.14 | -0.37, 0.10 | 0.263 |
| More than 6600 | 1.34±0.50 | -0.21, 0.26 | -0.09 | -0.34, 0.15 | 0.449 |
| Age of Caregiver | |||||
| Less than 30 | 1.25±0.54 | -0.64, 0.04 | -0.06 | -0.55, 0.25 | 0.470 |
| 30–40 | 1.22±0.47 | -0.52, -0.15 † | -0.17 | -0.39, 0.06 | 0.141 |
| 40–50 | 1.30±0.48 | -0.44, -0.07 † | -0.15 | -0.36, 0.07 | 0.182 |
| Greater than 50 | 1.55±0.35 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
Adjusted R2 for Gingival Index = 0.13.
*Independent sample t-test or ANOVA.
† Statistically significant at the 5% level; `
‡Statistically significant at the 1% level.