. 2022 Jan 14;9:816697. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.816697

Table 4.

Tests for cross-sectional dependence in variables.

		Value for:
Test	Statistic	GGR_{i, t}	GDP_{i, t}	ENC_{i, t}	ENT_{i, t}	GTN_{i, t}	EMS_{i, t}
CD _BKP	$\sqrt{\frac{T N (N - 1)}{2}} {\hat{\bar{ρ}}}_{N}$	19.300^a	50.909^a	1.024	2.800^a	17.094^a	−1.241

represents statistical significance at 1%.

Authors' estimates.