Table 3.
Characteristics of patients with and without frailty based on the CGA
| Total | Frail | Non frail | χ2 | p value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 73 | N = 39 | N = 34 | ||||||
| Age (years) (M, SD) | 81.73 | 6.24(SD) | 83.49 | 6.47(SD) | 78.96 | 5.03(SD) | NA | 0.002 |
| Sex (n, %) | ||||||||
| Male | 33 | 45 | 12 | 31 | 21 | 62 | 7.045 | 0.008 |
| Female | 40 | 55 | 27 | 69 | 13 | 38 | ||
| Weight loss 6 months prior to diagnosis (n, %) | ||||||||
| Non | 46 | 63 | 22 | 56 | 24 | 71 | 1.839 | 0.399 |
| < 10% | 20 | 27 | 12 | 31 | 8 | 24 | ||
| ≥ 10% | 7 | 10 | 5 | 13 | 2 | 6 | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.80 | 5.70(SD) | 26.98 | 5.66(SD) | 27.02 | 3.69(SD) | NA | 0.970 |
| Smoker (n, %) | ||||||||
| No | 25 | 34 | 15 | 38 | 10 | 29 | 3.072 | 0.215 |
| Former | 40 | 55 | 18 | 46 | 22 | 65 | ||
| Current | 8 | 11 | 6 | 15 | 2 | 6 | ||
| MUST score (n, %) | ||||||||
| 0 | 53 | 72 | 24 | 62 | 29 | 85 | 7.533 | 0.023 |
| 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | ||
| 2 | 19 | 26 | 15 | 38 | 4 | 12 | ||
| Alcohol use (n, %) | ||||||||
| No | 25 | 34 | 15 | 38 | 10 | 29 | 1.498 | 0.683 |
| Yes | 41 | 56 | 21 | 54 | 20 | 59 | ||
| Former | 7 | 10 | 3 | 8 | 4 | 12 | ||
| Charlson comorbidity index (n, %) | ||||||||
| Low ≤ 6 | 27 | 37 | 10 | 26 | 17 | 50 | 4.624 | 0.032 |
| High > 6 | 46 | 63 | 29 | 74 | 17 | 50 | ||
| Localization (n, %) | ||||||||
| Oral cavity | 46 | 63 | 27 | 69 | 19 | 56 | 17.392 | 0.236 |
| Nasopharynx | 2 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | ||
| Oropharynx | 2 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | ||
| Hypopharynx | 3 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 9 | ||
| Larynx | 7 | 10 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 15 | ||
| Salivary glands | 3 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 3 | ||
| Skin | 8 | 11 | 5 | 13 | 3 | 9 | ||
| Paranasal sinuses | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | ||
| Type of tumor (n, %) | ||||||||
| Primary | 56 | 77 | 28 | 72 | 28 | 82 | 5.776 | 0.056 |
| Recurrent | 11 | 15 | 5 | 13 | 6 | 18 | ||
| Second primary | 6 | 8 | 6 | 15 | 0 | 0 | ||
| TNM Stage (n, %) | ||||||||
| I | 8 | 11 | 5 | 13 | 3 | 9 | 1.047 | 0.790 |
| II | 19 | 26 | 11 | 28 | 8 | 24 | ||
| III | 14 | 19 | 6 | 15 | 8 | 24 | ||
| IV | 32 | 44 | 17 | 44 | 15 | 44 | ||
| Low muscle strength (n, %) | ||||||||
| No | 40 | 55 | 20 | 51 | 20 | 59 | 0.417 | 0.518 |
| Yes | 33 | 45 | 19 | 49 | 14 | 41 | ||
| No | 15 | 21 | 4 | 10 | 11 | 32 | 5.432 | 0.020 |
| Yes | 58 | 79 | 35 | 90 | 23 | 68 | ||
| Frailty fried criteria (n, %) | ||||||||
| No | 52 | 71 | 20 | 51 | 32 | 94 | 16.265 | 0.000 |
| Yes | 21 | 29 | 19 | 49 | 2 | 6 | ||
| Frailty GFI (n, %) | ||||||||
| No | 35 | 50 | 9 | 23 | 26 | 76 | 20.749 | 0.000 |
| Yes | 38 | 52 | 30 | 77 | 8 | 24 | ||
| Sarcopenia (n, %) | ||||||||
| No | 49 | 67 | 22 | 56 | 27 | 79 | 4.355 | 0.037 |
| Yes | 24 | 33 | 17 | 44 | 7 | 21 | ||
BMI Body mass index, MUST Malnutrition universal screening tool, SMI skeletal muscle index, GFI groningen frailty indicator, CGA comprehensive geriatric assessment