Table 2.
Fatty acid composition in serum of patients (n = 51) and differences between these parameters in patients with high (> Q3) and low (≤ Q3) PUFA levels
| Fatty acids (%) | Total (n = 51) | PUFA ≤ 32.84% (Q3) (n = 39) | PUFA > 32.84% (Q3) (n = 12) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SFA | ||||
| C8:0 (caprylic) | 1.32 ± 0.59 | 1.31 ± 0.62 | 1.36 ± 0.52 | 0.79 |
| C10:0 (capric) | 1.62 ± 0.55 | 1.64 ± 0.60 | 1.58 ± 0.35 | 0.76 |
| C12:0 (lauric) | 0.90 ± 0.31 | 0.91 ± 0.35 | 0.87 ± 0.17 | 0.70 |
| C13:0 (tridecylic) | 0.15 ± 0.20 | 0.18 ± 0.22 | 0.11 ± 0.16 | 0.62 |
| C14:0 (myristic) | 0.80 ± 0.27 | 0.86 ± 0.29 | 0.63 ± 0.11 | 0.01 |
| C15:0 (pentadecanoic) | 0.19 ± 0.06 | 0.19 ± 0.06 | 0.17 ± 0.03 | 0.25 |
| C16:0 (palmitic) | 25.12 ± 2.49 | 25.87 ± 2.26 | 22.69 ± 1.45 | 0.00 |
| C17:0 (margaric) | 0.24 ± 0.08 | 0.24 ± 0.07 | 0.25 ± 0.11 | 0.88 |
| C18:0 (stearic) | 6.63 ± 0.80 | 6.69 ± 0.85 | 6.42 ± 0.63 | 0.32 |
| C20:0 (arachidic) | 0.06 ± 0.04 | 0.06 ± 0.04 | 0.06 ± 0.03 | 0.96 |
| C21:0 (heneicosylic) | 0.16 ± 0.06 | 0.16 ± 0.05 | 0.19 ± 0.09 | 0.07 |
| C22:0 (behenic) | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.05 ± 0.00 | 0.22 |
| C23:0 (tricosylic) | 0.22 ± 0.13 | 0.24 ± 0.13 | 0.15 ± 0.10 | 0.06 |
| C24:0 (lignoceric) | 0.06 ± 0.02 | 0.06 ± 0.02 | 0.07 ± 0.02 | 0.04 |
| MUFA | ||||
| C14:1 n-5 (myristoleic) | 0.05 ± 0.03 | 0.05 ± 0.03 | 0.04 ± 0.02 | 0.32 |
| C16:1 n-7 (palmitoleic) | 3.14 ± 0.72 | 3.27 ± 0.70 | 2.72 ± 0.60 | 0.02 |
| C17:1 n-10 (margarolein) | 0.23 ± 0.09 | 0.23 ± 0.08 | 0.22 ± 0.10 | 0.63 |
| C18:1 trans n-9 (elaidic) | 0.17 ± 0.12 | 0.18 ± 0.13 | 0.14 ± 0.08 | 0.34 |
| C18:1 cis n-9 (oleic) | 24.56 ± 2.04 | 25.08 ± 1.93 | 22.86 ± 1.37 | 0.00 |
| cis-11 C20:1 n-9 (eicosenoic) | 0.18 ± 0.07 | 0.19 ± 0.07 | 0.17 ± 0.03 | 0.35 |
| cis-13 C22:1 n-9 (erucic) | 0.08 ± 0.07 | 0.09 ± 0.07 | 0.08 ± 0.08 | 0.86 |
| PUFA | ||||
| C18:2 n-9 (linolelaidic) | 3.05 ± 0.36 | 3.08 ± 0.35 | 2.98 ± 0.41 | 0.40 |
| C18:2 n-6 (LA; linoleic) | 20.82 ± 2.65 | 19.99 ± 2.38 | 23.52 ± 1.46 | 0.00 |
| C18:3 n-6 (GLA; γ-linolenic) | 0.20 ± 0.12 | 0.19 ± 0.10 | 0.25 ± 0.15 | 0.09 |
| C18:3 n-3 (ALA; α-linolenic) | 0.54 ± 0.17 | 0.52 ± 0.16 | 0.61 ± 0.19 | 0.09 |
| c9,t11-CLA (conjugated linoleic) | 0.10 ± 0.04 | 0.11 ± 0.04 | 0.09 ± 0.03 | 0.31 |
| C20:2 n-6 (eicosadienoic) | 0.10 ± 0.08 | 0.10 ± 0.09 | 0.12 ± 0.06 | 0.42 |
| C20:3 n-6 (dihomo-γ-linolenic) | 1.10 ± 0.29 | 1.07 ± 0.28 | 1.20 ± 0.32 | 0.20 |
| C20:3 n-3 (eicosatrienoic) | 0.13 ± 0.16 | 0.13 ± 0.18 | 0.16 ± 0.07 | 0.62 |
| C20:4 n-6 (AA; arachidonic) | 3.82 ± 1.20 | 3.36 ± 0.69 | 5.34 ± 1.24 | 0.00 |
| C20:5 n-3 (EPA; eicosapentaenoic) | 0.37 ± 0.19 | 0.33 ± 0.17 | 0.50 ± 0.19 | 0.01 |
| C22:2 n-6 (docosadienoic) | 0.29 ± 0.17 | 0.31 ± 0.16 | 0.24 ± 0.18 | 0.23 |
| C22:6 n-3 (DHA; docosahexaenoic) | 0.77 ± 0.36 | 0.66 ± 0.25 | 1.13 ± 0.44 | 0.00 |
| Total content | ||||
| ∑ SFA | 37.59 ± 3.12 | 38.56 ± 2.81 | 34.44 ± 1.61 | 0.00 |
| ∑ MUFA | 28.36 ± 2.40 | 29.03 ± 2.20 | 26.17 ± 1.63 | 0.00 |
| ∑ PUFA | 31.23 ± 3.77 | 29.74 ± 2.80 | 36.09 ± 1.98 | 0.00 |
| ∑ n-3 | 1.78 ± 0.67 | 1.60 ± 0.56 | 2.36 ± 0.71 | 0.00 |
| ∑ n-6 | 25.92 ± 3.56 | 24.57 ± 2.77 | 30.31 ± 1.91 | 0.00 |
| n-6/n-3 | 16.21 ± 5.18 | 16.89 ± 5.21 | 14.01 ± 4.63 | 0.09 |