Table 3.
Pharyngocutaneous fistula risk: multivariate analysis including cross-sectional muscle area at the 3rd cervical vertebra
| Characteristic | PCF HR (CI 95%) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | (Continuous variable) | 0.97 (0.90–1.05) | 0.488 |
| Tobacco/alcohol use | Moderate | 1 | 0.051 |
| Heavy | 0.13 (0.02–1.01) | ||
| ASA physical status | I-II | 1 | 0.633 |
| III-IV | 0.69 (0.15–3.14) | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | No | 1 | 0.144 |
| Yes | 3.27 (0.67–15.96) | ||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | (Continuous variable) | 1.12 (0.94–1.33) | 0.202 |
| CSMA at C3 (low SMM = ≤ 35.5 cm2) | > 35.5 cm2 | 1 | 0.022* |
| ≤ 35.5 cm2 | 9.88 (1.40–69.73) | ||
| Subsite location | Supraglottis | 1 | |
| Glottis | 2.62 (0.38–17.90) | 0.326 | |
| Hypopharynx | 6.41 (0.49–83.85) | 0.156 | |
| Tumour stage (pT) | pT2 | 1 | |
| pT3 | 1.24 (0.12–13.08) | 0.857 | |
| pT4 | 1.13 (0.14–8.88) | 0.911 | |
| Previous radiotherapy | No | 1 | 0.823 |
| Yes | 0.84 (0.17–4.04) | ||
| Surgery type | Simple TL | 1 | 0.171 |
| Extended TL ± reconstruction | 5.75 (0.47–70.22) | ||
| Automatic suture | No | 1 | 0.354 |
| Yes | 0.42 (0.06–2.64) | ||
| Neck dissection | No | 1 | |
| Unilateral | 0.30 (0.02–4.34) | 0.375 | |
| Bilateral | 0.70 (0.08–5.78) | 0.739 | |
| Voice prosthesis | No | 1 | 0.415 |
| Yes | 0.33 (0.02–4.77) | ||
| Preoperative anaemia | No | 1 | 0.523 |
| Yes | 0.58 (0.11–3.08) | ||
| Postoperative anaemia | No | 1 | 0.510 |
| Yes | 2.29 (0.19–27.02) |
ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists, C3 3rd cervical vertebra, CSMA cross-sectional muscle area, HR hazard ratio, PCF pharyngocutaneous fistula, SMM skeletal muscle mass, TL total laryngectomy
*Statistical significance p < 0.05