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. 2022 Jan 27;12:1459. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-05408-3

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© The Author(s) 2022, corrected publication 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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BAY11-7042, an inhibitor of NFκB, reduced PKM1, PKM2 and LDHA transcripts in microglial cells treated with LPS. The mRNA expression for (a) PKM1, (b) PKM2 and (d) LDHA was determined by qPCR in microglia cultures. Cells were preincubated with BAY11-7042 (2 μM) for 1 h and then LPS (10 ng/ml) was added for further 24 h. The expression of 36B4 was used as a housekeeping gene to normalize the data. Results represent the mean ± SEM of fold induction related to the control of the target gene transcript expression and 36B4 transcript expression of at least n ≥ 3 independent experiments. ANOVA revealed significant treatment effects on the transcription of (a) PKM1 [F (2, 10) = 11.3, p < 0.01]; (b) PKM2 [F(2, 10) = 7.9, p < 0.01] and (c) LDHA [F(2, 6) = 27.8, p < 0.001]. (d) Changes of PKM2/PKM1 ratio were not statistically significant. Bonferroni post hoc test revealed significance between same experimental groups and the controls * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01 and # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01 and compared to LPS treatment.