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. 2022 Jan 14;12:813890. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.813890

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Copyright © 2022 Yang, Deng, Jian, Zhang, Wen, Xin, Zhang, Tong, Ye, Liao, Xiao, He, Zhang, Deng, Zhang and Deng

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effect of gallic acid (GA) on gut microbial composition and structure in puppies (n = 6 or 7). Alpha diversity (A), principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) based on weighted UniFrac distances (B), predominant fecal microbial communities, and different bacteria at the phylum, family, and genus levels (C). The symbol (*) indicates statistically significant differences between two groups (*p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01), and the symbol (#) represents difference tendency (#p < 0.10). BT1, the 1st day before transportation; AT1, the 1st day after transportation; AT7, the 7th day after transportation.