Comparison 2. Low‐carbohydrate weight‐reducing diets versus balanced carbohydrate weight‐reducing diets in overweight and obese participants without T2DM (weight‐reducing phase followed by weight‐maintenance phase).

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
2.1 Change in body weight (kg) at ≥ 12 months	3	73	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.30 [‐2.77, 2.16]
2.2 Change in DBP (mmHg) at ≥ 12 months	1	13	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐6.00 [‐17.55, 5.55]
2.3 Change in SBP (mmHg) at ≥ 12 months	1	13	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐15.00 [‐32.36, 2.36]
2.4 Change in LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) at ≥ 12 months	2	56	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.08 [‐0.44, 0.28]
2.5 Change in HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) at ≥ 12 months	2	56	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.05 [‐0.37, 0.28]
2.6 Change in total cholesterol (mmol/L) at ≥ 12 months	2	56	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.08 [‐0.43, 0.27]
2.7 Change in triglycerides (mmol/L) at ≥ 12 months	2	56	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.08 [‐0.34, 0.17]