TABLE 1.

Overview of PARP family structure and basic function.

Name	Other names	Molecular weight (Da)	Amino acid length	Catalytic triad sequence	Type of ribosylation activity (PAR or MAR)	DNA dependent activation	Inhibitors available—FDA approval status
PARP1	PARP, ARTD1	113,084	1,014	H-Y-E Hottiger et al. (2010), Challa et al. (2021)	PAR Ko and Ren (2012)	Yes De Vos et al. (2012), Vyas et al. (2013)	Yes—Approved for prostate cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer and gynecologic cancer. Sisay and Edessa (2017), Dal Molin et al. (2018), Cortesi et al. (2021)
PARP2	ARTD2	66,206	583	H-Y-E Hottiger et al. (2010), Challa et al. (2021)	PAR Ali et al. (2016)	Yes De Vos et al. (2012), Ali et al. (2016)	Yes - Approved for prostate cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer and gynecologic cancer. Sisay and Edessa (2017), Dal Molin et al. (2018), Cortesi et al. (2021)
PARP3	ARTD3	60,089	533	H-Y-E Hottiger et al. (2010), Challa et al. (2021)	MAR Rodriguez-Vargas et al. (2019), Challa et al., 2021)	Yes De Vos et al. (2012)	Yes—Approved for ovarian cancer Sisay and Edessa (2017), Dal Molin et al. (2018)
PARP4	vPARP, ARTD4	37,288	327	H-Y-E Hottiger et al. (2010), Challa et al. (2021)	MAR (PAR when localised to vault particles) Kickhoefer et al. (1999); Challa et al., 2021)	No	Yes—Not FDA approved Dal Molin et al. (2018), Kirby et al. (2021)
PARP5a	TNKS1, ARTD5	142,039	1,327	H-Y-E Hottiger et al. (2010), Haikarainen et al. (2014)	PAR Haikarainen et al. (2014)	Postulated (De Vos et al. (2012), Haikarainen et al. (2014)	Yes—Not FDA approved. Sisay and Edessa (2017), Dal Molin et al. (2018), Cortesi et al. (2021)
PARP5b	TNKS2, ARTD6	126,918	1,166	H-Y-E Hottiger et al. (2010), Haikarainen et al. (2014)	PAR Haikarainen et al. (2014)	Postulated De Vos et al. (2012), Haikarainen et al. (2014)	Yes—Not FDA approved. Sisay and Edessa (2017), Dal Molin et al. (2018), Cortesi et al. (2021)
PARP6	ARTD17	71,115	630	H-Y-I Hottiger et al. (2010), Challa et al. (2021)	MAR Challa et al. (2021)	Undetermined	Yes—Not FDA approved. Wang et al. (2018)
PARP7	tiPARP, ARTD14	76,227	657	H-Y-I Hottiger et al. (2010), Challa et al. (2021)	MAR Challa et al. (2021)	Undetermined	Yes—Not FDA approved. Gozgit et al. (2021)
PARP8	ARTD16	95,871	854	H-Y-I Hottiger et al. (2010), Challa et al. (2021)	MAR Challa et al. (2021)	Undetermined	No
PARP9	BAL1, ARTD9	96,343	854	Q-Y-T (Hottiger et al., 2010; Xu et al., 2020; Xing et al., 2021)	MAR Yang et al. (2017)	Undetermined	No
PARP10	ARTD10	109,998	1,025	H-Y-I Hottiger et al. (2010), Challa et al. (2021)	MAR Challa et al. (2021)	No Vyas et al. (2013)	Yes—Not FDA approved.Lemke et al. (2020)
PARP11	ARTD11	39,597	338	H-Y-I Hottiger et al. (2010), Challa et al. (2021)	MAR Challa et al. (2021)	Undetermined	Yes—Not FDA approved. Kirby et al. (2018)
PARP12	ARTD12	79,064	701	H-Y-I Hottiger et al. (2010), Challa et al. (2021)	MAR Challa et al. (2021)	Undetermined	Yes—(Nonselective)—Not approved for PARP12. Dal Molin et al. (2018)
PARP13	ZAP, ARTD13	101,431	902	Y-Y-V Hottiger et al. (2010), Morales et al. (2014), Challa et al. (2021)	Catalytically Inactive—MAR Postulated Hottiger et al. (2010), Morales et al. (2014), Challa et al. (2021)	Undetermined	No
PARP14	BAL2, ARTD8	202,800	1,801	H-Y-L Hottiger et al. (2010), Challa et al. (2021)	MAR Challa et al. (2021)	Undetermined	Yes—Not FDA approved. Schenkel et al. (2021)
PARP15	BAL3, ARTD4	74,576	678	H-Y-L Hottiger et al. (2010), Challa et al. (2021)	MAR Challa et al. (2021)	Undetermined	Yes (Nonselective) - Not FDA approved for PARP15. Dal Molin et al. (2018)
PARP16	ARTD15	36,383	332	H-Y-Y Hottiger et al. (2010), Challa et al. (2021)	MAR Challa et al. (2021)	Undetermined	Yes (Nonselective)—Not FDA approved for PARP16. Sisay and Edessa (2017), Dal Molin et al. (2018), Cortesi et al. (2021), Palve et al. (2021)

Molecular Weight and Amino Acid Length were derived from UniProt database