TABLE 6.

The results of hierarchical linear regression predicting negative social outcomes.

	5G violence justification and willingness		Regulations non-compliance justification and willingness		Violent protest justification and willingness
Predictor	β	95% CI	β	95% CI	β	95% CI
Step 1	ΔR2 = 0.051		ΔR2 = 0.039		ΔR2 = 0.045
Age	0.03	[−0.02, 0.08]	−0.05	[−0.10, −0.00]	0.01	[−0.04, 0.06]
Gender	0.04	[−0.01, 0.09]	−0.06	[−0.11, −0.02]	−0.08	[−0.12, −0.03]
Education	−0.05	[−0.11, −0.00]	−0.03	[−0.08, 0.01]	−0.05	[−0.10, 0.00]
Step 2	ΔR2 = 0.276		ΔR2 = 0.407		ΔR2 = 0.350
COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs	0.54	[0.49, 0.59]	0.39	[0.33, 0.44]	0.36	[0.29, 0.42]
Anger and hostility	0.05	[−0.00, 0.10]	−0.02	[−0.07, 0.03]	0.10	[0.06, 0.15]
Trust in regulations	−	−	−0.36	[−0.41, −0.30]	−0.30	[−0.36, −0.24]
Full model	R2 = 0.328		R2 = 0.446		R2 = 0.394

The table shows the results of three hierarchical linear regressions predicting negative social outcomes with several demographic predictors (Step 1) and variables related to the endorsement of conspiracy beliefs (Step 2). Standardized regression coefficients (β’s) and their 95% confidence intervals are presented for every predictor in the final model. Also, the table shows the change in R² for the both steps of the model as well as the final model. Significant predictors (p < 0.05) are presented in bold. Gender was coded as 1 = “men,” 2 = “women.”