Table 2.

Multilevel regression analyses of mobile health information seeking.

Variable			Model 1	Model 2		Model 3
				β (SE)	P value	β (SE)	P value
Intercept			–.02 (.15)	.06 (.07)	.09	–.08 (.05)	.07
Individual level
	Gender
		Woman	—a	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
		Man	—	–.13 (.02)	<.001	–.13 (.02)	<.001
	Age		—	–.01 (.01)	.13	.01 (.01)	.11
	Marital status
		Single, divorced, separated, or widowed	—	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
		Married	—	-.004 (.02)	.42	–.004 (.02)	.41
	Education
		High school or less	—	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
		College or university	—	.02 (.03)	.14	.02 (.02)	.13
		Graduate school or more	—	.08 (.02)	.004	.07 (.03)	.009
	Monthly income		—	-.02 (.01)	.06	-.02 (.01)	.06
	Subjective SESb		—	.08 (.01)	<.001	.08 (.01)	<.001
	Employment
		Unemployed	—	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
		Employed	—	.08 (.02)	<.001	.08 (.02)	.002
	Parental status
		No children	—	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
		Have at least one child	—	.16 (.02)	<.001	.16 (.02)	<.001
	Concern with online information quality		—	–.04 (.01)	<.001	–.04 (.01)	<.001
	Technology innovativeness		—	.11 (.01)	<.001	.10 (.01)	<.001
	Frequency of smartphone use		—	.42 (.01)	<.001	.42 (.01)	<.001
Country level
	IDIc		—	—	—	.06 (.09)	.26
	CHEd		—	—	—	–.19 (.09)	.02
	GINIe		—	—	—	–.03 (.05)	.22

^aNot included in model.

^bSES: socioeconomic status.

^cIDI: Information Communications Technology Development Index.

^dCHE: current health expenditure per capita (purchasing power parity, 2017).

^eGINI: Gini index (World Bank estimate).