Table 4.
Biological biotransformation approaches by microorganisms for the detoxification of mycotoxinsa.
| Mycotoxins | Microorganisms | Biotransformation efficiency | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| AFB1 | Aspergillus niger FS10 | 98.65% | [133] |
| Aspergillus niger RAF106 | 88.59% | [132] | |
| Stenotrophomonas sp. CW117 | 100.00% | [134] | |
| S. cerevisiae ŁOCK 0119 | 69.00% | [131] | |
| Escherichia coli CG1061 | 93.70% | [135] | |
| Bacillus velezensis DY3108 | 91.50% | [136] | |
| Bacillus subtilis JSW-1 | 67.20% | [137] | |
| Bacillus shackletonii L7 | 92.10% | [138] | |
| Bacillus licheniformis CFR1 | 94.70% | [139] | |
| Pseudomonas putida | 90.00% | [140] | |
| Bacillus subtilis UTBSP1 | 95.00% | [141] | |
| DON | Bacterial consortium C20 | 74.29% | [142] |
| Bacillus subtilis ASAG 216 | 81.10% | [143] | |
| Devosia insulae A16 | 88.00% | [144] | |
| Pseudomonas sp. Y1 and Lysobacter sp. S1 | 100.00% | [145] | |
| Eggerthella sp. DII-9 | 100.00% | [146] | |
| Aspergillus (NJA-1) | 94.40% | [147] | |
| Bacterial isolates LS100 & SS3 | 100.00% | [148] | |
| Bacterial strain BBSH 797 | - | [149] | |
| Strain E3-39 | 100.00% | [150] | |
| ZEN | Bacillus subtilis | 100.00% | [151] |
| Bacillus natto | 87.00% | [151] | |
| Bacillus pumilus ES-21 | 95.70% | [152] | |
| Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ZDS-1 | 95.70% | [153] | |
| Bacillus subtilis ANSB01G | 88.65% | [154] | |
| FB1 | Bacterial consortium SAAS79 | 100.00% | [155] |
| Strain NCB 1492 | 100.00% | [156] | |
| Saccharomyces cerevisiae IS1/1 and SC82 | 22%-50% | [157] | |
| Bacillus spp. S9, S10 and S69 | 43%-83% | [158] |
aAFB1 Aflatoxin B1, DON deoxynivalenol, ZEN zearalenone, FB1 fumonisin B1
-means the biotransformation efficiency did not reported