Table 3.

Comparison of mean probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level (mm), and gingival crevicular fluid free haem concentration (ng/ml) between healthy and diseased sites in nonsmokers and smokers group using Student’s paired t-test

Variables	Sites	n	Nonsmokers			Smokers
			Mean±SD	Mean difference	P	Mean±SD	Mean difference	P
PPD	Healthy site	39	2.31±0.44	−3.11	<0.001* (S)	1.48±0.20	−3.79	<0.001* (S)
	Diseased site	39	5.42±0.61			5.27±0.56
CAL	Healthy site	39	1.64±0.43	−3.34	<0.001* (S)	1.47±0.18	−3.61	<0.001* (S)
	Diseased site	39	4.98±0.65			5.08±0.56
GCF free haem concentration	Healthy site	39	21.95±4.86	−4.75	<0.001* (S)	22.90±3.60	−3.08	0.005* (S)
	Diseased site	39	26.70±4.80			25.98±4.83

*Statistically significant. S – Statistically significant (P<0.001) (P<0.005); n – Sample size; SD – Standard deviation; PPD – Probing pocket depth; CAL – Clinical attachment level; GCF – Gingival crevicular fluid; mm – Millimeter; ng/ml – Nanogram/milliliter; P – Level of Significance