Table 1.
Sociodemographic and Baseline Clinical Characteristics of Patients Admitted to the ICU With Coronavirus Disease 2019
| Characteristics | Total (N = 1,686) | Surge 1 (N = 258) | Lull 1 (N = 61) | Surge 2 (N = 503) | Lull 2 (N = 288) | Surge 3 (N = 576) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR) | 63 (52–74) | 64 (53–73) | 59 (52–70) | 60 (49–72) | 62 (53–75) | 66 (56–77) | < 0.001 |
| Age category, n (%) | < 0.001 | ||||||
| Age < 55 | 492 (29.2) | 72 (27.9) | 20 (32.8) | 185 (36.8) | 87 (30.2) | 128 (22.2) | |
| Age 55–64 | 402 (23.8) | 62 (24.0) | 20 (32.8) | 111 (22.1) | 68 (23.6) | 141 (24.5) | |
| Age 65–74 | 374 (22.2) | 65 (25.2) | 9 (14.8) | 117 (23.3) | 58 (20.1) | 125 (21.7) | |
| Age > 74 | 418 (24.8) | 59 (22.9) | 12 (19.7) | 90 (17.9) | 75 (26.0) | 182 (31.6) | |
| Gender, n (%) | 0.843 | ||||||
| Female | 736 (43.7) | 113 (43.8) | 25 (41.0) | 212 (42.1) | 133 (46.2) | 253 (43.9) | |
| Male | 950 (56.3) | 145 (56.2) | 36 (59.0) | 291 (57.9) | 155 (53.8) | 323 (56.1) | |
| Race, n (%) | < 0.001 | ||||||
| African American or Black | 885 (52.5) | 175 (67.8) | 33 (54.1) | 279 (55.5) | 126 (43.8) | 272 (47.2) | |
| Caucasian or White | 525 (31.1) | 48 (18.6) | 10 (16.4) | 134 (26.6) | 107 (37.2) | 226 (39.2) | |
| Asian | 65 (3.9) | 12 (4.7) | 2 (3.3) | 12 (2.4) | 11 (3.8) | 28 (4.9) | |
| Other | 15 (0.9) | 1 (0.4) | 1 (1.6) | 7 (1.4) | 1 (0.3) | 5 (0.9) | |
| Unknown | 196 (11.6) | 22 (8.5) | 15 (24.6) | 71 (14.1) | 43 (14.9) | 45 (7.8) | |
| Ethnic group, n (%) | < 0.001 | ||||||
| Hispanic or Latino | 138 (8.2) | 13 (5.0) | 10 (16.4) | 67 (13.3) | 16 (5.6) | 32 (5.6) | |
| Non-Hispanic or Latino | 1362 (80.8) | 220 (85.3) | 45 (73.8) | 384 (76.3) | 231 (80.2) | 482 (83.7) | |
| Unknown | 186 (11.0) | 25 (9.7) | 6 (9.8) | 52 (10.3) | 41 (14.2) | 62 (10.8) | |
| BMI (kg/m2), median (IQR) | 28.0 (23.8–34.0) | 27.9 (23.8–33.6) | 26.3 (22.5–31.7) | 28.7 (24.4–34.4) | 27.6 (23.9–32.8) | 27.6 (23.3–34.2) | 0.168 |
| BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2, n (%) | 189 (11.6) | 24 (9.6) | 5 (8.6) | 53 (10.9) | 26 (9.6) | 81 (14.5) | 0.121 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 1010 (59.9) | 163 (63.2) | 34 (55.7) | 289 (57.5) | 176 (61.1) | 348 (60.4) | 0.544 |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 364 (21.6) | 50 (19.4) | 14 (23.0) | 95 (18.9) | 79 (27.4) | 126 (21.9) | 0.066 |
| Congestive heart failure, n (%) | 574 (34.0) | 89 (34.5) | 25 (41.0) | 155 (30.8) | 103 (35.8) | 202 (35.1) | 0.365 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 859 (50.9) | 147 (57.0) | 27 (44.3) | 240 (47.7) | 143 (49.7) | 302 (52.4) | 0.105 |
| Chronic kidney disease/end-stage renal disease, n (%) | 564 (33.5) | 98 (38.0) | 19 (31.1) | 142 (28.2) | 94 (32.6) | 211 (36.6) | 0.023 |
| Asthma, n (%) | 158 (9.4) | 25 (9.7) | 3 (4.9) | 40 (8.0) | 32 (11.1) | 58 (10.1) | 0.405 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, n (%) | 213 (12.6) | 23 (8.9) | 10 (16.4) | 60 (11.9) | 33 (11.5) | 87 (15.1) | 0.100 |
| Elixhausera, median (IQR) | 26 (17–35) | 26 (18–35) | 30 (19–36) | 24 (17–34) | 27 (18–36) | 26 (16–34) | 0.240 |
| Admission from nursing home, n (%) | 122 (7.2) | 30 (11.6) | 9 (14.8) | 26 (5.2) | 21 (7.3) | 36 (6.2) | 0.002 |
BMI = body mass index, IQR = interquartile range.
aElixhauser comorbidities indices were calculated using the van Walraven algorithm for the weighting process.