Table. Decedent and Death Scene Characteristics for Unintentional Opioid Overdose Deaths in Illinois, 2017 to 2020.
| Characteristic | No. (%) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| July-December 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | January-June 2020 | Total | |||
| January-June | July-December | January-June | July-December | ||||
| Deaths, No | 962 | 883 | 956 | 843 | 1128 | 1286 | 6058 |
| Deaths per 100 000 populationa | 8.7 | 8.2 | 8.7 | 7.5 | 9.5 | 11.1 | 9.0 |
| Age, mean (SD), yb | 41.2 (12.3) | 42.0 (12.6) | 42.8 (12.9) | 43.7 (12.5) | 44.0 (12.5) | 43.7 (13.2) | 42.0 (12.8) |
| 20-39 | 362 (37.6) | 310 (35.1) | 334 (34.9) | 288 (34.2) | 383 (34.0) | 446 (34.7) | 2123 (35.0) |
| 40-59 | 456 (47.4) | 424 (48.0) | 442 (46.2) | 414 (49.1) | 551 (48.8) | 583 (45.3) | 2870 (47.4) |
| ≥60 | 57 (5.9) | 78 (8.8) | 107 (11.2) | 93 (11.0) | 131 (11.6) | 175 (13.6) | 641 (10.6) |
| Sex | |||||||
| Female | 226 (23.5) | 257 (29.1) | 245 (26.5) | 222 (26.3) | 308 (27.3) | 337 (26.2) | 1595 (26.3) |
| Male | 736 (76.5) | 626 (70.9) | 711 (74.4) | 621 (73.7) | 820 (72.7) | 949 (73.8) | 4463 (73.7) |
| Race and ethnicityc | |||||||
| Black | 216 | 222 (25.1) | 306 (32.0) | 255 (30.2) | 390 (34.6) | 471 (36.6) | 1860 (30.7) |
| Hispanic | 84 | 93 (10.5) | 108 (11.3) | 98 (11.6) | 109 (9.7) | 157 (12.2) | 638 (10.5) |
| White | 496 | 508 (57.5) | 509 (53.2) | 464 (55.0) | 604 (53.5) | 624 (48.5) | 3205 (52.9) |
| Missing | 155 | 53 (6.0) | 25 (2.6) | 22 (2.6) | 12 (1.1) | 17 (1.3) | 284 (4.7) |
| Otherd | 11 | 7 (0.8) | 8 (0.8) | 4 (0.5) | 13 (1.2) | 17 (1.3) | 60 (1.0) |
| Previous overdose ever | 114 (12.0) | 107 (12.1) | 97 (10.2) | 95 (11.3) | 132 (11.7) | 110 (8.6) | 655 (10.8) |
| Any recent touchpoint encounter within 1 moe | NA | NA | NA | NA | 133 (11.8) | 174 (13.5) | NA |
| From ED visit | NA | NA | NA | NA | 57 (5.1) | 72 (5.6) | NA |
| From jail or prison | 31 (3.2) | 35 (4.0) | 31 (3.2) | 41 (4.9) | 27 (2.4) | 42 (3.3) | 207 (3.4) |
| From hospital | 17 (1.8) | 32 (3.6) | 32 (3.3) | 41 (4.9) | 63 (5.6) | 76 (5.9) | 261 (4.3) |
| From supervised SUD residential facility | 20 (2.1) | 14 (1.6) | 19 (2.0) | 18 (2.1) | 26 (2.3) | 24 (1.9) | 121 (2.0) |
| OUD treatment | |||||||
| Current | 49 (5.1) | 52 (5.9) | 34 (3.6) | 39 (4.6) | 63 (5.6) | 52 (4.0) | 289 (4.8) |
| Ever | 146 (15.2) | 131 (14.8) | 137 (14.3) | 115 (13.6) | 162 (14.4) | 152 (11.0) | 843 (13.9) |
| Recent relapse | 75 (7.8) | 72 (8.2) | 74 (7.7) | 69 (8.2) | 57 (5.1) | 57 (4.4) | 655 (10.8) |
| Own home overdose | 585 (60.8) | 520 (58.9) | 570 (59.6) | 512 (60.7) | 678 (60.1) | 787 (61.2) | 3652 (60.3) |
| EMS at scene | 895 (93.0) | 824 (93.3) | 906 (94.8) | 798 (94.7) | 1062 (94.1) | 1208 (93.9) | 5693 (94.0) |
| Transported to ED | 216 (22.5) | 228 (25.8) | 268 (28.0) | 233 (27.6) | 319 (28.3) | 306 (23.8) | 1570 (25.9) |
| Bystander present | 192 (20.0) | 262 (29.7) | 355 (37.1) | 350 (41.5) | 573 (50.8) | 647 (50.3) | 2379 (39.3) |
| Bystander relationshipf | |||||||
| Family | NA | NA | NA | NA | 181 (31.6) | 215 (33.2) | NA |
| Friend | NA | NA | NA | NA | 112 (19.5) | 146 (22.6) | NA |
| Partner | NA | NA | NA | NA | 152 (26.5) | 166 (25.7) | NA |
| Roommate | NA | NA | NA | NA | 35 (6.1) | 58 (9.0) | NA |
| Stranger | NA | NA | NA | NA | 51 (8.9) | 40 (6.2) | NA |
| User | NA | NA | NA | NA | 30 (5.2) | 37 (5.7) | NA |
| Bystander CPRf | NA | NA | NA | NA | 92 (16.1) | 93 (14.4) | NA |
| Naloxone administered | 228 (23.7) | 279 (31.6) | 325 (34.0) | 312 (31.2) | 449 (34.0) | 465 (31.8) | 2058 (34.0) |
| Who administered naloxonef | |||||||
| Bystander | NA | NA | NA | NA | 23 (5.1) | 20 (4.3) | NA |
| EMS | NA | NA | NA | NA | 167 (37.2) | 172 (37.0) | NA |
| Law enforcement | NA | NA | NA | NA | 28 (6.2) | 39 (8.4) | NA |
| Hospital | NA | NA | NA | NA | 33 (7.3) | 21 (4.5) | NA |
| Unknown | NA | NA | NA | NA | 178 (39.6) | 195 (41.9) | NA |
| Fentanyl positive | 585 (60.8) | 599 (67.8) | 722 (75.5) | 649 (77.0) | 873 (77.4) | 1056 (82.1) | 4484 (74.0) |
| Prescription opioid positive | NA | NA | NA | 175 (20.8) | 258 (22.9) | 288 (22.4) | NA |
Abbreviations: CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; ED, emergency department; EMS, emergency medical services; NA, not available; OUD, opioid use disorder; SUD, substance use disorder.
Population-adjusted deaths include only those deaths among Illinois residents, given that the population denominators were sourced from US Census Bureau annual estimates of the Illinois resident population. The numbers of confirmed Illinois resident deaths per period were 915, 833, 901, 799, 1065, and 1241, respectively.
Decedents younger than 20 years were censored because the total number per period did not exceed the minimum requirement for deidentified reporting.
Percentages not listed for July to December 2017 owing to high missingness (16.1%).
Other includes the following non-Hispanic categories: American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian or Pacific Islander, and Other (unspecified).
Some variables were introduced into the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention State Unintentional Drug Overdose Reporting System in 2019 and are therefore not available in earlier periods.
Bystander relationship, bystander CPR, and who administered naloxone percentage denominators are bystanders present, bystanders present, and naloxone administered, respectively.