Table 1.
Included study results
| Study first author, year (country) | study name | study design | Setting | Number of patients | Supplement, type, dose | Gender | results/outcomes | summary of the result | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thais R. Silval, 2015 (brazil) | Associations between body composition and lifestyle (actors with bone mineral density according to time since menopause in women from Southern Brazil: a cross- sectional study | Cross- sectional | hospital baaed (Gynecologc al Endocrinol og yUnitl | 99 | distry vitamin A | Females | vitamin A appears tobt less consumed among women with lower bone mass, Considering all sample, vitamin A intake lower tban 700 meg a day, that is the recommended amount for dietary reference intakes | increase BMD |
| 2 | Sahni S, 2009(USA) | Inverse association ot carotenoid intakes with 4-y change in bone mineral density in elderly men and women: the Framingham Osteoporosis Study 2009 | Cohort | population based | 874 | a-carotene, b-carotene, b-cryptoxanthi n, lycopene, and luteinl zeaxanthin | both | Carotenoids showed protective role against 4 year BMD loss in older men and women. | increase BMD |
| 3 | C Ballew,2009 (USA) | High Serum Retlnyl Esters Are Not Associated with Reduced Bone Mineral Density in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Surrey, 1988-1994 | cohort | population based | 68 to 374 for men and from 597 to 602 for women | Retinyl Esters | both | no associations between physiological indicators of potential excess vitamin A intake and either BMD or osteopenia/osteoporosis | No association |
| 4 | Kristina L Penniston, 2006(USA) | Serum retinyl esters are not elevated in postmenopausal women with and without osteoporosis whose preformed vitamin A intakes are highl | Cohort | population based | GO | Retinol /Retinyl esters/NS Total VA /Retinyl esters | Females | Sentm retinyl esters were not elevated in these postmenopausal women despite intakes of total VA that were nearly two-fold the Recommended Dietary Allowance. How- ever, retinyl ester concentration (percentage of total VA) was marginally associated with osteoporosis | marginal decrease BMD |
| 5 | JOANNE H. E. PROMISLOW, 2002(USA) | Retlnol Intake and Bone Mineral Density In the Elderly: The Rancho Bernardo Study | Cohort | population based | 968 | RETINOL | Both | Both sexes, increasing retinal became negatFety associated with skeletal heal that in takes not far beyond the recommended daily allowance (RDA), intakes reached predominately by supplement users, inverse U" shaped association of retiool intake irkhEM) and bone maintenance observed in this cohort raises the concent that either loo lilk or too much retinol may adversely affect bone health | both increase or decrease lerelof Vitamin A affect BMD |
| 6 | L Reinmark, 2004 (Denmark) | No effect of vitamin A intake on bone mineral density and fracture risk in perimenopausal women | cohort | multicenterl c | 1869 | Females | no associations between intake of vitamin A and BMD of the femoral neck or lumbar spine | No association | |
| 7 | Nam-Seok Joo, 2015(Korea) | Serum Vitamin D and Bone Mineral Density: Analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey {KNHANES, 2008-2011) | Cross- sectional | population based | 6481 (2907 men and 3574 women) | Dietary vitamin A | both | Total hip and femoral neck BMD in men and lumbar spine BMD in women were both positively correlated with dietary vitamin A intake (Mean dietary vitamin A intakes were 737 and 600 pg RE (Retinol Equivalents) in men and women, respectively) in subjects with serum 25(OH)D >75 nmol/L. | increase BMD |
| 8 | J. M. Mala - Granados, 2013(Spain) | Vitamin D insufficiency together with high serum levels of vitamin A increases the risk for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women | Cross- secbonal | 232 | Females | Bone density measurements revealed that the risk of osteoporosis was -8 times higher in women with the highest retinol levels, as compared with women with the lowest retinol levels. | decrease BMD | ||
| 9 | Kristin Holvik, 2015(N orway) | No increase in risk of hip fracture at high serum retinol concentrations in community- dwelling older Norwegians: the Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies | cohort | multicenter populatioin based study | 21774 | s-retinol | both | inverse association between s-retinol and risk of hip fracture, which was statistically significant in women but not in men | increase BMD |
| 10 | GO Chen, 2015(china) | Association of dietary consumption and serum levels of vitamin A and β-carotene with bone mineral density in Chinese adults β-carotene with bone mineral density in Chinese adults | Cohort | population based | 3154 | Serum levels of retinol and P-carotene | both | greater levels of serum retinol, β-carotene, and the β-carotene-lo-retinol ratio were associated with a higher BMD | increase BMD |
| 11 | Ml-Ja Choi,2007(Ko rea) | Relationship of nutrient intakes and bone mineral density of elderly women in | Cross- sectional | clinic center | 101 | Dietary Vitamin A | Females | Vitamin A, vitamin B1, and vitamin B2 intakes of participants in the osteoporosis group were lower than those in the normal group | increase BMD |
| 12 | Chupeerach C, 2011(Thialand) | Decreased retinol transport proteins in Thai post-menopausal women with osteoporosis | Cross- sectional | OBGYN clinic | 144 | Females | this study showed lower TTR, BMI and serum calcium in osteoporotic patients than controls. Malnutrition Is a risk factor for osteoporosis and TTR may be a marker for osteoporosis | decrease BMD | |
| 13 | de Jonge, 2015(Netherlands) | Dietary vitamin A intake and bone health In the elderly: the Rotterdam Study | cohort | Population based | 5288 | Ditary Intake | both | a plausible favourable relation between high vitamin A intake from the diet and fracture risk in overweight subjects, whereas the association between vitamin A and BMD is mainly explained by BMI. | Increase fracture |