Table 2. Comparison of pathologic characteristics between LLH and OLH groups before and after PSM.
| Characteristics | Before matching | After matching | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LLH (n=35) | OLH (n=241) | P | LLH (n=27) | OLH (n=52) | P | ||
| Tumor size (cm) | 5.2±2.2 | 6.7±3.8 | 0.001* | 5.1±2.3 | 5.3±2.9 | 0.785* | |
| Tumor number, n (%) | 1.000 | 0.114† | |||||
| Solitary | 33 (94.3) | 224 (92.9) | 25 (92.6) | 52 (100.0) | |||
| Multiple | 2 (5.7) | 17 (7.1) | 2 (7.4) | 0 (0.0) | |||
| Tumor border, n (%) | 0.155 | 0.514 | |||||
| Clear | 35 (100.0) | 221 (91.7) | 27 (100.0) | 49 (94.2) | |||
| Unclear | 0 (0.0) | 20 (8.3) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (5.8) | |||
| Encapsulation, n (%) | 0.115 | 0.246† | |||||
| Complete | 28 (80.0) | 152 (63.1) | 23 (85.2) | 37 (71.2) | |||
| Incomplete | 2 (5.7) | 14 (5.8) | 1 (3.7) | 1 (1.9) | |||
| None | 5 (14.3) | 75 (31.1) | 3 (11.1) | 14 (26.9) | |||
| Differentiation, n (%) | 0.020† | 0.659† | |||||
| Grade I | 1 (2.9) | 9 (3.7) | 1 (3.7) | 4 (7.7) | |||
| Grade II | 21 (60.0) | 194 (80.5) | 19 (70.4) | 38 (73.1) | |||
| Grade III | 13 (37.1) | 37 (15.4) | 7 (25.9) | 10 (19.2) | |||
| Grade IV | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |||
| Tumor necrosis, n (%) | 8 (22.9) | 61 (25.3) | 0.754 | 5 (18.5) | 13 (25.0) | 0.515 | |
| Tumor hemorrhage, n (%) | 1 (2.9) | 2 (0.8) | 0.335† | 1 (3.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0.342† | |
| Micro-vascular invasion, n (%) | 14 (40.0) | 39 (16.2) | 0.001 | 6 (22.2) | 15 (28.8) | 0.527 | |
| TNM staging, n (%) | 0.022† | 0.438† | |||||
| I | 26 (74.3) | 111 (46.1) | 18 (66.7) | 30 (57.7) | |||
| II | 9 (25.7) | 112 (46.5) | 9 (33.3) | 22 (42.3) | |||
| IIIA | 0 (0.0) | 11 (4.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |||
| IIIB | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |||
| IIIC | 0 (0.0) | 7 (2.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |||
| Cirrhosis, n (%) | 24 (68.6) | 159 (66.0) | 0.761 | 18 (66.7) | 34 (65.4) | 0.909 | |
*, Student’s t-test; †, Fisher’s exact test. LLH, indicates laparoscopic left hemihepatectomy; OLH, open left hemihepatectomy; PSM, propensity score matching; TNM, Tumor Node Metastasis.