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. 2021 Nov;10(11):4773–4785. doi: 10.21037/tcr-21-980

Figure 4.

Figure 4

THP-1 monocytes promoted PC cells to undergo EMT switch via the NF-κB dependent upregulation of Snail. (A) qRT-PCR was performed to estimate a series of cytokines in THP-1 monocytes. TNF-α has demonstrated the highest expression of cytokine among them. (B) NF-κB inhibitor BAY11-7082 (10 µmol/L) blocked Snail expression and revered EMT change in PC cells stimulated by condition medium form THP-1 monocytes. CM: conditioned medium produced by THP-1 monocytes; BAY: BAY11-7082. (C,D) NF-κB inhibitor BAY11-7082 (10 µmol/L) impaired PC cells migration and invasion abilities induced by conditioned medium from THP-1 monocytes. The penetrating cells were stained with 0.05% crystal violet. Magnification: 100×. Scale bars: 100 µm. *, P<0.05. GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; IL-1α, interleukin-1α; TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β; NF-κB, nuclear factor-κB; PC, pancreatic cancer; EMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transition; qRT-PCR, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.