Table 1. Clinical features of invasive infections caused by Burkholderia cepacia complex in persons who inject drugs, Hong Kong, China, 2016–2019.
| Patient no. | Age, y/sex | Underlying conditions | Symptoms (duration, d) | Body temperature, °F (°C) | ASIA impairment scale* | Infection type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
1
|
51/F |
Diabetes mellitus, hepatitis C |
Back pain lower limb numbness and weakness (3) |
98.2 (36.8) |
D |
T11/12 spondylodiscitis with cord compression |
|
2
|
66/M |
Hepatitis C |
Back pain (20) |
97.9 (36.6) |
E |
L4/5 spondylodiscitis |
|
3
|
66/M |
Hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatitis C |
Right upper limb numbness and weakness (60) |
98.8 (37.1) |
D |
C5/6, C6/7 spondylodiscitis with prevertebral abscess |
|
4
|
65/M |
Deep vein thrombosis, pseudo-aneurysm, right above-knee amputation, hepatitis C |
Reduced general condition, dizziness and vomiting (1) |
99.3 (37.4) |
NA |
Endocarditis and septic emboli in lungs |
|
5
|
60/M |
Schizophrenia, deep vein thrombosis, pseudo-aneurysm, hepatitis C |
Fever, right leg pain and redness (1) |
103.1 (39.5) |
NA |
Intramuscular abscess and bacteremia† |
|
6
|
59/M |
Gout |
Back pain and bilateral foot numbness (7) |
98.4 (36.9) |
E |
L5/S1 spondylodiscitis |
|
7
|
51/F |
Psoas abscess, deep vein thrombosis, fractured right hip with open fixation, hepatitis C |
Right hip pain, not able to bear weight (7) |
99.0 (37.2) |
NA |
Right hip prosthetic joint infection and osteomyelitis |
|
8
|
69/M |
Asthma, infective spondylodiscitis |
Right knee pain (3) |
101.1 (38.4) |
NA |
Right knee septic arthritis and intramuscular abscess† |
|
9
|
62/M |
Stroke, hepatitis B, hepatitis C |
Fever, back pain, right lower limb numbness, and tingling sensation (4) |
99.1 (37.3) |
E |
L3/4, L5/S1 spondylodiscitis |
|
10
|
64/M |
Stroke, deep vein thrombosis, infective cervical spondylitis, hepatitis C |
Back pain with radiation to right lateral thigh and weakness (3) |
99.3 (37.4) |
D |
L2/3 spondylodiscitis |
|
11
|
46/M |
Esophageal cancer, hepatitis C |
Fever, drowsiness, cough, dyspnea (1) |
103.3 (39.6) |
NA |
Endocarditis and septic emboli in brain† |
|
12
|
66/M |
Infective endocarditis, hepatitis C |
Back pain and lower limb weakness (14) |
98.2 (36.8) |
D |
L1/2 spondylodiscitis with cord compression |
| 13 | 55/M | Hepatitis C | Left knee and thigh pain (2) | 96.8 (36) | NA | Left thigh intramuscular abscess and necrotizing fasciitis† |
*ASIA impairment scale: A = complete (no motor or sensory function in S4–S5); B = incomplete (sensory function below neurologic level and in S4–S5, no motor function below neurologic level); C = incomplete (motor function is preserved below neurologic level, and more than half of the key muscle groups below neurologic level have a muscle grade <3); D = incomplete (motor function is preserved below neurologic level, and at least half of the key muscle groups below neurologic level have a muscle grade 3); E = normal. ASIA, American Spinal Injury Association; NA, not applicable. †Polymicrobial infection: Arcanobacterium haemolyticum in abscess aspirate of patient 5; Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus constellatus, and Bacteroides fragilis in joint fluid from patient 8; Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis in blood of patient 11; and group G Streptococcus, Peptoniphilus harei, and Finegoldia magna in abscess aspirate from patient 13.