Table 2. Studies on accelerated partial breast irradiation.
| First author, year | Patients (n) | Median age [range], years | RT details | RT dose | Median FU [range], months | Toxicity evaluative scale | Acute toxicity (%) | Late toxicity (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Khan, 2013 | 537 | 78 [70–94] | BRT: balloon brachytherapy catheter | NR | 55 | NR | Seroma: 28.9; fat necrosis: 2.4; infection: 8.5 | Telangiectasia: 7.9; retraction: 6.8 | NR |
| Smith, 2014 | 1,310 | 75 | BRT | NR | 42 | NR | Post-operative infections: 16.5; non-infectious post-operative complications: 18.7 | Fat necrosis: 15.3; rib fracture: 4.2; rad pneumonitis: 0.4 | |
| 26,383 | EBRT | NR | Post-operative infections: 11.4; non-infectious post-operative complications: 9.5 | Fat necrosis: 7.7; rib fracture: 4.0; rad pneumonitis: 0.9 | |||||
| Kinj, 2018 | 48 | 78 [65–92] | BRT: MIB | Single fraction: 16 Gy to 100% isodose | 40 [36–42] | CTCAE | G1: 66.7; G2: 22.3; G3: 6.7 | G1: 86.7; G2: 13.3; G3: 0.0 | |
| Lemanski, 2013 | 42 | 72 [66–80] | IORT: dedicated LINAC, 6–9 MeV electron beam | 23 Gy to 100% isodose | 72 [66–74] | CTCAE | Wound complications: 7.1; wound infection: 2.4; hematoma: 11.9 | G1 hyperpigmentation: 6.9; G1 scar fibrosis: 48.3; G2 scar fibrosis: 10.3; rib fracture: 2.4 | |
| Tuschy, 2013 | 54 | 76 [70–95] | IORT: miniature X-ray source (50 kV photon beam) | NR* | NR | CTCAE | G1–2 erythema: 13; mastitis: 5.6; fever: 5.6; antibiotic treatment: 31.5; Tumor bed induration: 11.1; scar retraction: 1.9 | Seroma breast: 3.7; seroma axilla: 22.2; hematoma breast: 24.1; hematoma axilla: 18.5; inconspicuous wound healing: 48.1 | NR |
| Jacobs, 2018 | 267 | 68 [59–90] | IORT: mobile LINAC, 6–12 MeV beam | 23.3 Gy to 100% isodose | At least 3 months | CTCAE | Wound infection: G2: 5.2; G3: 1.9 | Other: G2: 7.0; G3: 3.3 | NR |
| 206 | 67 [59–86] | EB-APBI: 3D-CRT or IMRT, photon beam | 38. Gy (3.85 Gy/fr)† | Wound infection: G2: 1.0; G3: 1.5 | Other: G2: 3.4; G3: 1.5 | ||||
| Meattini,2015 | 58 | 74 [70–83] | IMRT | EB-APBI: 30 Gy‡ | 60 [40–84] | RTOG/EORTC | G1: 20.3; G2: 1.7; G3: 1.7 | G1: 3.4; G2: 0.0; G3: 0.0 | |
| 59 | 74 [70–85] | WBI+boost: 50+10 Gy | G1: 32.8; G2: 25.9; G3: 5.1 | G1: 13.8; G2: 0.0; G3: 0.0 | |||||
| Sayan, 2017 | 40 | 73 [65–88] | IMRT | 40Gy† | 54 | RTOG/EORTC | erythema and skin pigmentation: 69breast edema: 61.5subcutaneous toxicities: 51 dry desquamation: 7.7 | G3 edema: 3.0; G3 subcutaneous toxicity: 10.0; moderate/severe contour defect: 13.0; pigmentation: 43.0; breast edema: 30.0; subcutaneous toxicity: 70.0; telangiectasia: 19.0; volume loss: 84.0; retraction or contour defect: 51.0 | |
| Vinante, 2019 | 80 | 68 [60–83] | 3D–CRT6 MV photon beam | 40 Gy† | 67 [41–97] | CTCAE | G1–2 skin toxicity: 8.0 | G1 fibrosis: 23.0; G2 fibrosis: 5.0; fat necrosis: 5.0; hyperpigmentation/telangiectasia: 3.8 | |
*, 25.9% IORT alone; 74.1% IORT as a boost; †, in 10 daily fractions; ‡, in 5 non-consecutive daily fractions. 3D-CRT, three dimensional conformal radiotherapy; APBI, accelerated partial breast irradiation; BRT, brachytherapy; CTCAE, common terminology criteria for adverse events; CTC-EORTC, common toxicity criteria-European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer; EBRT, external beam radiotherapy; FU, follow-up; IMRT, intensity modulated radiotherapy; IORT, intraoperative radiotherapy; LINAC, linear accelerator; NR, not reported; MIB, multicatheter interstitial HDR-BRT; RT, radiotherapy; RTOG, radiation therapy oncology group; WBI, whole breast irradiation.