Table 2. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression for analyzing the demographic and related clinical characteristics for developing Brain Metastases in patients diagnosed with initial lung carcinoma (diagnosed 2010–2016).
| Subject characteristics | Univariate | Multivariate | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95%CI) | P value | OR (95%CI) | P value | ||
| Age, years | |||||
| <41 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| 41–50 | 1.32 (1.16–1.49) | <0.001 | 1.23 (1.08–1.40) | 0.002 | |
| 51–60 | 1.16 (1.03–1.30) | 0.014 | 1.14 (1.01–1.28) | 0.040 | |
| 61–70 | 0.83 (0.74–0.93) | 0.001 | 0.89 (0.78–1.00) | 0.047 | |
| 71–80 | 0.57 (0.51–0.64) | <0.001 | 0.63 (0.56–0.71) | <0.001 | |
| 81–90 | 0.38 (0.34–0.43) | <0.001 | 0.40 (0.35–0.46) | <0.001 | |
| >90 | 0.27 (0.22–0.32) | <0.001 | 0.24 (0.20–0.29) | <0.001 | |
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | NS | NS | |
| Female | 0.98 (0.96–1.01) | 0.139 | NS | NS | |
| Race | |||||
| White | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| Black | 1.15 (1.11–1.19) | <0.001 | 1.00 (0.96–1.04) | 0.997 | |
| AI | 1.09 (0.93–1.26) | 0.297 | 1.03 (0.88–1.21) | 0.718 | |
| API | 1.31 (1.26–1.37) | <0.001 | 1.19 (1.14–1.25) | <0.001 | |
| Unknown | 0.81 (0.63–1.04) | 0.100 | 0.86 (0.67–1.12) | 0.264 | |
| Marital status | |||||
| Others | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| Married | 1.04 (1.02–1.07) | <0.001 | 1.02 (1.00–1.05) | 0.080 | |
| Unknown | 0.89 (0.84–0.95) | 0.001 | 0.88 (0.82–0.93) | <0.001 | |
| Insurance status | |||||
| Insured | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| Any medic aid | 1.27 (1.23–1.31) | <0.001 | 1.04 (1.00–1.07) | 0.027 | |
| Uninsured | 1.82 (1.72–1.93) | <0.001 | 1.18 (1.11–1.25) | <0.001 | |
| Unknown | 1.19 (1.02–1.20) | 0.015 | 0.98 (0.90–1.07) | 0.696 | |
| Site | |||||
| MB | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| UL | 0.88 (0.84–0.93) | <0.001 | 1.15 (1.09–1.22) | <0.001 | |
| ML | 0.80 (0.74–0.86) | <0.001 | 1.04 (0.96–1.13) | 0.299 | |
| LL | 0.82 (0.77–0.86) | <0.001 | 1.15 (1.08–1.22) | <0.001 | |
| OL | 0.81 (0.72–0.92) | 0.001 | 0.89 (0.78–1.01) | 0.078 | |
| NOS | 1.19 (1.12–1.26) | <0.001 | 1.04 (0.98–1.11) | 0.201 | |
| T stage | |||||
| T1 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| T2 | 1.70 (1.63–1.77) | <0.001 | 1.43 (1.37–1.49) | <0.001 | |
| T3 | 2.18 (2.09–2.28) | <0.001 | 1.48 (1.41–1.54) | <0.001 | |
| T4 | 2.65 (2.55–2.76) | <0.001 | 1.53 (1.47–1.60) | <0.001 | |
| Unknown | 2.61 (2.49–2.73) | <0.001 | 1.54 (1.46–1.63) | <0.001 | |
| N stage | |||||
| N0 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| N1 | 1.98 (1.89–2.08) | <0.001 | 1.54 (1.47–1.62) | <0.001 | |
| N2 | 2.59 (2.52–2.67) | <0.001 | 1.68 (1.62–1.73) | <0.001 | |
| N3 | 3.12 (3.01–3.24) | <0.001 | 1.69 (1.62–1.76) | <0.001 | |
| Unknown | 2.90 (2.75–3.05) | <0.001 | 1.66 (1.56–1.76) | <0.001 | |
| Grade | |||||
| Grade I | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| Grade II | 2.19 (1.96–2.44) | <0.001 | 2.19 (1.96–2.44) | <0.001 | |
| Grade III | 4.90 (4.42–5.43) | <0.001 | 3.75 (3.38–4.17) | <0.001 | |
| Grade IV | 5.65 (5.01–6.36) | <0.001 | 3.58 (3.16–4.05) | <0.001 | |
| Unknown | 6.39 (5.78–7.07) | <0.001 | 4.23 (3.82–4.69) | <0.001 | |
| Bone Met | |||||
| No | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| Yes | 2.54 (2.48–2.61) | <0.001 | 1.58 (1.54–1.62) | <0.001 | |
| Unknown | 5.52 (5.03–6.06) | <0.001 | 2.22 (1.99–2.48) | <0.001 | |
| Liver Met | |||||
| No | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| Yes | 2.13 (2.07–2.20) | <0.001 | 1.26 (1.22–1.30) | <0.001 | |
| Unknown | 6.22 (5.71–6.79) | <0.001 | 2.72 (2.45–3.01) | <0.001 | |
| Lung Met | |||||
| No | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| Yes | 2.13 (2.07–2.19) | <0.001 | 1.45 (1.40–1.49) | <0.001 | |
| Unknown | 3.76 (3.51–4.03) | <0.001 | 1.83 (1.69–1.98) | <0.001 | |
| Histology | |||||
| AC | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| SLC | 0.36 (0.34–0.37) | <0.001 | 0.39 (0.37–0.40) | <0.001 | |
| ASLC | 0.73 (0.65–0.81) | <0.001 | 0.71 (0.64–0.80) | <0.001 | |
| LCLC | 1.25 (1.15–1.36) | <0.001 | 1.04 (0.95–1.14) | 0.409 | |
| SCLC | 1.19 (1.15–1.23) | <0.001 | 0.81 (0.78–0.84) | <0.001 | |
| Others | 1.08 (1.05–1.11) | <0.001 | 0.96 (0.93–0.99) | 0.015 | |
LC, lung carcinoma; BM, brain metastases; Met, metastases; AI, American Indian/Alaska Native; API, Asian or Pacific Islander; MB, main bronchus; UL, upper lobe; ML, middle lobe; LL, lower lobe; OL, overlapping lesion of lung; AC, adenocarcinoma; SLC, squamous lung carcinoma; ASLC, adenosquamous lung carcinoma; LCLC, large cell lung carcinoma; SCLC, small cell lung carcinoma; Ref, reference; NS, no significance.