Fig. 3.

Original procedure of Okabayashi radical hysterectomy. After exploration of pararectal and paravesical spaces, the rectovaginal and then the cardinal ligaments are clamped, cut, and ligated ( A ). Then, the surgery proceeds to the treatment of anterior leaf of vesicouterine ligament, mobilization of ureter, and posterior leaf of vesicouterine ligament ( B ). (Source: Okabayashi H. Radical Hysterectomy for Cervical Cancer. Tokyo: Nippon Isho Shuppan; 1952.)