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. 2021 Jul 8;12(1):406–423. doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.07.001

Figure 5.

Figure 5

(A) Live/dead staining images of A549 cells receiving various treatments. Scale bar is 50 μm. (B) Mitochondrial damage analysis of A549 cells treated with DOX@NPs, free N770 (+NIR), and N770-DOX@NPs (+NIR), and further stained with JC-1 fluorescent probes. Scale bar is 50 μm. (C) Confocal images of intracellular ROS generation profiles of A549 cells treated with DOX@NPs, free N770 (+NIR), and N770-DOX@NPs (+NIR), and further stained with DCFH-DA fluorescent probes. Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar is 20 μm. (D) Relative quantification of the amounts of ROS generated in A549 cells after treatment with free N770 solution and N770-DOX@NP suspension with or without NIR irradiation. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 3). (E) Western blots to determine the expression levels of heat shock protein (HSP70) and apoptosis-related proteins (PARP and cleaved caspase-3) in A549 cells receiving various treatments.