Table 2.
Profile and smartphone ownership of participants across demographic groups (N=100)a.
| Demographics | Participants with smartphone (n=68)b, n (%) | Participants with mobile phone but not smartphone (n=25)c, n (%) | Participants without mobile phone (n=7)d, n (%) | ΦCe | Chi-square (df) | P value | ||||||||||
| Gender | 0.122 | 1.5 (2) | .48 | |||||||||||||
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Male | 25 (68) | 8 (22) | 4 (11) |
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Female | 43 (68) | 17 (27) | 3 (5) |
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| Race | 0.273 | 14.9 (8) | .06 | |||||||||||||
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White (non-Hispanic) | 9 (53) | 4 (24) | 4 (24) |
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Black or African American | 45 (74) | 15 (25) | 1 (2) |
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Hispanic or Latino | 11 (61) | 6 (33) | 1 (6) |
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Asian | 1 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
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Other | 2 (67) | 1 (33) | 0 (0) |
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| Age (years) | 0.351 | 24.7 (4) | <.001 | |||||||||||||
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29-49 | 11 (92) | 1 (8) | 0 (0) |
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50-64 | 41 (84) | 8 (16) | 0 (0) |
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≥65 | 16 (41) | 16 (41) | 7 (18) |
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| Education | 0.291 | 16.9 (6) | .01 | |||||||||||||
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Lower than high school | 11 (61) | 6 (33) | 1 (6) |
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High school | 29 (62) | 15 (32) | 3 (6) |
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Undergraduate | 22 (85) | 4 (15) | 0 (0) |
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Graduate | 6 (67) | 0 (0) | 3 (33) |
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| Employment status | 0.299 | 17.9 (4) | .001 | |||||||||||||
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Employed | 25 (89) | 1 (4) | 2 (7) |
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Unemployed | 12 (71) | 2 (12) | 3 (18) |
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Retired or on disability | 31 (56) | 22 (40) | 2 (4) |
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| Income (US $) | 0.277 | 7.5 (6) | .27 | |||||||||||||
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<25,000 | 17 (65) | 8 (31) | 1 (4) |
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25,000-49,000 | 11 (92) | 0 (0) | 1 (8) |
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50,000-74,999 | 4 (67) | 2 (33) | 0 (0) |
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75,000-99,999 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
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>100,000 | 5 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
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Not sure | 14 (54) | 8 (31) | 4 (15) |
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Declined to respond | 17 (68) | 7 (28) | 1 (4) |
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aPercentages add up to 100 horizontally.
bMean age 57.49 (SD 11.05) years.
cMean age 67.32 (SD 10.54) years.
dMean age 77.14 (SD 7.65) years.
eCramér V