Table 3.

Construct reliability and validity.

Constructs	Indicators	λ	AVE	CR	Cronbach	VIF	${\mathbf{\lambda }}_{\mathbf{C}\mathbf{L}\mathbf{F}}$	Δ
ATT	AT1	0.779				2.545	0.731	|0.048|
	AT2	0.716				2.053	0.744	|0.028|
	AT3	0.774	0.573	0.801	0.798	2.5	0.71	|0.064|
SN	SN3	0.738				2.193	0.695	|0.043|
	SN2	0.741				2.217	0.719	|0.022|
	SN1	0.671	0.5147	0.76	0.792	1.818	0.669	|0.002|
PBV	PBC1	0.76				2.37	0.757	|0.003|
	PBC2	0.749				2.283	0.755	|0.006|
	PBC3	0.771	0.578	0.804	0.803	2.463	0.677	|0.094|
DT	DT3	0.794				2.703	0.68	|0.114|
	DT2	0.859				3.817	0.753	|0.106|
	DT1	0.803				2.817	0.699	|0.104|
	DT4	0.821				3.067	0.67	|0.151|
	DT5	0.747	0.649	0.902	0.902	2.262	0.67	|0.077|
DBD	DBD3	0.805				2.841	0.662	|0.143|
	DBD4	0.814				2.967	0.669	|0.145|
	DBD5	0.849	0.677	0.863	0.862	3.584	0.666	|0.183|

Note.

• ${\lambda }_{\text{CLF}}$ = the standardized regression weights (SRW) of a CFA model with the CLF.

•Δ = the differences in absolute value between standardized regression weights without CFL and with CFL (suggested less than 0.20).