Table 2.

Percent change in hazard ratios comparing DOAC versus warfarin over the spectrum of baseline age as a continuous covariate for the primary efficacy outcome, the primary safety outcome, and all-cause death (top) with stratification by sex (bottom).

	% change in HR per 10-year increase in age			P-value
Primary Efficacy Outcome (Stroke/Systemic Embolism)
Standard-dose DOAC vs warfarin	5.1% decrease (−5.1%, 14.3%)			0.31
Lower-dose DOAC vs warfarin	9.1% decrease (−3.2%, 20.0%)			0.14
Primary Safety Outcome (Major Bleeding)
Standard-dose DOAC vs warfarin	10.2% increase (1.3%, 19.9%)			0.02
Lower-dose DOAC vs warfarin	17.6% increase (3.4%, 33.7%)			0.01
All-Cause Death
Standard-dose DOAC vs warfarin	2.1% decrease (−4.7%, 8.4%)			0.54
Lower-dose DOAC vs warfarin	1.5% increase (−7.0%, 10.7%)			0.75
	% change in HR per 10-year increase in age
	Male	P-value	Female	P-value	Interaction P-value
Primary Efficacy Outcome (Stroke/Systemic Embolism)
Standard-dose DOAC vs warfarin	8.0% decrease (−4.7%, 19.1%)	0.21	1.4% increase (−14.6%, 20.4%)	0.88	0.38
Lower-dose DOAC vs warfarin	8.0% decrease (−8.0%, 21.7%)	0.31	11.0% decrease (−9.0%, 27.3%)	0.26	0.80
Primary Safety Outcome (Major Bleeding)
Standard-dose DOAC vs warfarin	13.1% increase (2.1%, 25.3%)	0.02	6.5% increase (−8.5%, 23.9%)	0.42	0.52
Lower-dose DOAC vs warfarin	12.2% increase (−3.6%, 30.6%)	0.14	32.8% increase (5.9%, 66.7%)	0.01	0.22
All-Cause Death
Standard-dose DOAC vs warfarin	0.1% decrease (−8.2%, 7.7%)	0.98	6.6% decrease (−6.2%, 17.8%)	0.30	0.39
Lower-dose DOAC vs warfarin	3.7% decrease (−6.7%, 13.1%)	0.47	15.2% increase (−2.7, 36.4%)	0.10	0.08

For HR point estimates, a decrease in HR signifies increasing favorability of DOAC over warfarin, whereas an increase in HR signifies decreasing favorability of DOAC over warfarin. For 95% confidence intervals, a negative value signifies an opposite direction (decreasing/increasing) of the reported increasing/decreasing HR point estimate.

HR = hazard ratio, DOAC = direct oral anticoagulant