Table 5.

MRI visibility of the deep attachment of the ITT

Authors	Year	No. of patients	Subjects	Anatomical definition	Identification	Injury	Interrater reliability (Kappa value)	Intrarater reliability (Kappa Value)
Khanna et al. [21]	2018	20	Patients with ACL tears and Pivot-shift bone-marrow-edema	Proximal and epicondylar fibers running from the ITB to the femur	85%	Proximal band: 82% Epicondylar band: 29%	n.s.	n.s.
van Dyck et al. [50]	2019	69	Patients with ACL surgery	Low signal intensity fibers attaching to the femur approximately 68 mm and 48 mm proximal to the femoral condyle	100%	No injury: 67% Mild periligamentous edema: 30% Partial rupture: 3%	0.922	n.s.
Batty et al. [2]	2019	50	ACL intact knees	Extra-articular, linear, posterolateral structure connecting the ITB to the femur	96% on sagittal view, 76% on axial view, 4% on coronal view	n.a.	Sagittal: 0.5 Coronal: 0.1 Axial: 0.2	n.s.
Liebensteiner et al. [28]	2020	71	Healthy knees without any major knee pathology	Deep attachments of the ITT with insertions near the septum intermuscolare, supracondylar or retrograde to the femur	60.6%	n.a.	0.94	0.94
Berthold et al. [3]	2020	10	Knee specimens	Proximal and distal fibers inserting distal to the lateral intermuscular septum at the metaphysis of the posterolateral femur	100% proximal fibers 90% distal fibers	n.a.	Excellent	Excellent
Marom et al. [32]	2020	72	Patients with acute ACL surgery	Discrete fibrous band with appropriate anatomic course and expected relationship to anatomic landmarks identified in at least 2 consecutive slices	82%/87%a	64%/71%b	Proximal fibers: 0.7 Distal fibers: 0.51	Proximal fibers: 0.89 Distal fibers: 0.66

n.a. not applicable, n.s. not stated, ACL Anterior Cruciate Ligament, ITT iliotibial tract, ITB iliotibial band

^aResults of two separate reviewers; ^binjury to Kaplan fiber complex (either proximal or distal or both Kaplan fibers)