Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of the studied patients.

	Mean ± s.d.	Range	WHO lower ref limits
Age, years	36 ± 5.4	28–51
Semen volume, mL	3.4 ± 1.34	1.6–8.6	≥1.5
pH	7.8 ± 0.2	7.4–8.5	≥7.2
Sperm concentration, ×106/mL	92.4 ± 60.7	16.3–346	≥15
Progressively motile spermatozoa, %	50.36 ± 7.73	38–71	≥32
Overall motility, %	52.9 ± 9.9	42–71	≥40
Immotile spermatozoa, %	42.6 ± 8.5	31–52	≤60