Table 1.

Semen parameters analyzed from November to April.

Variables	Nov	Dec	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr
Temperature (°C average)	27	23	22	22	23	29
Humidity (%; average)	55	57	57	55	55	40
Volume (mL)	2.19 ± 0.44	3.40 ± 1.18	4.00 ± 0.58	4.30 ± 0.73	4.10 ± 0.51	2.90 ± 0.95
Viscosity (1–5)	2.50 ± 0.34	2.60 ± 0.51	2.67 ± 0.33	3.00 ± 0.00	2.80 ± 0.20	2.60 ± 0.24
Concentration (M/mL)	460.00 ± 94.36	310.00 ± 128.34	610.00 ± 376.34	434.00 ± 64.70	386.3 ± 51.59	439.00 ± 125.86
Total production	1188 ± 297a,b	905 ± 375c,d,e,f	2796 ± 67g,h,i	1766 ± 286b,d,g	1569 ± 647e,h	1576 ± 1997f,i
Total motility (%)	49.36 ± 7.12	45.58 ± 13.19	75.77 ± 4.32	50.92 ± 4.12	60.26 ± 7.41	57.12 ± 12.90
Progressive motility (%)	21.49 ± 4.63	16.46 ± 4.68	34.37 ± 2.10	10.58 ± 1.19	7.46 ± 2.08	4.52 ± 1.58
Vitality (%)	55.25 ± 5.33	52.60 ± 12.21	77.33 ± 7.80	55.00 ± 4.25	59.20 ± 7.44	59.80 ± 12.75
Acrosome integrity (%)	80.75 ± 6.63	80.40 ± 6.37	87.67 ± 4.70	71.40 ± 4.55	69.10 ± 16.43	72.80 ± 7.00
Morphological abnormalities (%)	11.38 ± 2.15	12.40 ± 3.44	9.67 ± 1.67	12.80 ± 1.56	13.20 ± 1.93	11.60 ± 2.68
Head (%)	3 ± 0.7	6 ± 2.59	6.33 ± 2.85	5.83 ± 1.53	2.0 ± 1.22	2.0 ± 0.71
Tail (%)	5.12 ± 1.78	3.20 ± 1.39	1 ± 0	2.4 ± 0.75	5.6 ± 3.78	7.2 ± 5.45
Principal (%)	0.13 ± 0.17	1.0 ± 1.0	0.0 ± 0.0	0.4 ± 0.4	0.6 ± 0.55	0.4 ± 0.89
Droplets (%)	3.13 ± 0.98	2.20 ± 1.71	2.33 ± 1.20	4.20 ± 1.16	5.00 ± 2.55	2.00 ± 1.22
proAKAP4 ng/10 M spermatozoa	4.72 ± 0.26	4.46 ± 1.24	5.78 ± 1.51	12.43 ± 1.31	18.45 ± 11.82	11.42 ± 9.4

^aNov vs Jan: P < 0.0001; ^bNov vs Feb: P = 0.016; ^cDec vs Jan: P < 0.0001; ^dDec vs Feb: P = 0.0001; ^eDec vs Mar: P = 0.0086; ^fDec vs Apr: P = 0.0079; ^gJan vs Feb: P = 0.0004; ^hJan vs Mar: P < 0.0001; ⁱJan vs Apr: P < 0.0001.