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. 2022 Jan 29;20:56. doi: 10.1186/s12951-022-01245-8

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 9 — Exo-Gel inhibited cartilage degeneration of subtalar joint. A TUNEL (Green) staining in the subtalar joint section to analyze chondrocyte apoptosis at 4 weeks postoperatively, DAPI (blue) staining for cell nuclei (bar = 100 μm). B, C immumohistochemical staining of COL X (B) and Ki67 (C) in the subtalar joint section (bar = 100 μm). (D) Quantitative assessment of number of apoptotic cells in A. Data are expressed as means ± SEM (n = 4). (E, F) quantitative analysis of COL X and Ki67 positive cells in cartilage tissue in B and C, respectively. Data are expressed as means ± SEM (n = 4). *p < 0.05