Table 1.
Percent of HOMA-IR, LDL/HDL ratio, FFA, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 following treatment with metformin and Artemisia annua extracts in high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice
| Groups | Reduction FFA (%) |
Reduction LDL/HDL (%) |
Reduction TNF-alpha (%) |
Reduction IL-6 (%) |
Reduction HOMA-IR (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T2D+MTF | 87.91 | 89.28 | 69.58 | 59.24 | 93.63 |
| T2D+HWE100 | 82.41 | 46.43 | 71.12 | 45.22 | 66.75 |
| T2D+HWE200 | 89.01 | 60.71 | 71.93 | 59.55 | 90.18 |
| T2D+HWE1400 | 96.70 | 75.00 | 77.60 | 75.16 | 95.83 |
| T2D+CWE100 | 76.92 | 57.14 | 53.30 | 57.96 | 75.90 |
| T2D+CWE200 | 82.41 | 67.86 | 74.30 | 74.52 | 69.33 |
| T2D+CWE400 | 86.81 | 82.14 | 87.26 | 83.12 | 83.33 |
| T2D+ALE100 | 79.12 | 75.00 | 40.80 | 27.70 | 82.70 |
| T2D+ALE200 | 80.22 | 89.28 | 49.76 | 40.13 | 95.44 |
| T2D+ALE400 | 87.91 | 89.30 | 53.30 | 45.22 | 97.27 |
T2D: type 2 diabetes; T2D+MTF: T2D+Metformin; T2D+HWE: T2D+hot-water extract; T2D+CWE: T2D+cold-water extract; T2D+ALE: T2D+alcoholic extract; HOMA-IR: assessment of insulin resistance; LDL/HDL: low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein ratio; FFA: free fatty acid; TNF-alpha: tumor necrosis factor alpha; IL-6: interleukin-6