Table 3.
Time-varying associations of Syndecan-1, soluble Thrombomodulin (sTM) and Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (PECAM-1) with liberation from mechanical ventilation and the competing risk of death on mechanical ventilation in mechanically ventilated patients in the intensive care unit—Cox regression (n = 459)
| Biomarker† | Multivariablea | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liberation from mechanical ventilation | Death on mechanical ventilation | |||
| Hazard ratio (95% CI) | p | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | p | |
| Syndecan-1, 25th versus 75th percentile, 5 days | 1.01 (0.8–1.28) | 0.92 | 1.56 (1.12–2.18) | 0.01 |
| Syndecan-1, 25th versus 75th percentile, > 5–12 days | 1.42 (1.07–1.88) | 0.01 | 0.64 (0.3–1.36) | 0.24 |
| Syndecan-1, 25th versus 75th percentile, > 12 days | 0.72 (0.4–1.27) | 0.25 | 2.87 (1.26–6.5) | 0.01 |
| sTM, 25th versus 75th percentile, 5 days | 0.58 (0.41–0.81) | < 0.01 | 1.6 (0.92–2.77) | 0.09 |
| sTM, 25th versus 75th percentile, > 5–12 days | 1.26 (0.84–1.91) | 0.26 | 0.51 (0.2–1.32) | 0.16 |
| sTM, 25th versus 75th percentile, > 12 days | 0.41 (0.21–0.81) | 0.01 | 13.06 (1.52–112.44) | 0.02 |
| PECAM-1, 25th versus 75th percentile, 5 days | 0.72 (0.58–0.9) | < 0.01 | 1.49 (1.01–2.2) | 0.04 |
| PECAM-1, 25th versus 75th percentile, > 5–12 days | 1.67 (1.25–2.23) | < 0.01 | 0.92 (0.47–1.8) | 0.8 |
| PECAM-1, 25th versus 75th percentile, > 12 days | 0.6 (0.39–0.93) | 0.02 | 3.42 (1.25–9.34) | 0.02 |
P-values < 0.05 are marked with bold
aThe multivariable analyses were controlled for gender, age, history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, septic shock, history of heart failure, initial PaO2/FiO2-ratio, respiratory Infection, acute kidney injury and bilirubin, †biomarkers were analyzed as continuous variables and the hazard ratios associated with an increase from 25th to the 75th percentile are presented: 21.0–118.4 ng/ml (Syndecan-1), 5.0–18.0 ng/ml (sTM) and 11.1–14.6 ng/ml (PECAM-1). 95% CI 95% confidence interval