| Reagent or Resource | Source | Identifier |
|---|---|---|
| Antibodies and Chemicals | ||
| Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD | Sino Biological | 40592-T62 |
| 4-μm-diameter latex beads | Invitrogen | A37304 |
| Anti-human CD9 FITC | BD Biosciences | 555371 |
| Anti-human CD63 PE | BD Biosciences | 556020 |
| Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 (Mab Clone #007) | Sino Biological | 40150-R007 |
| Anti-HSP70 | Cell Signaling | 4872 |
| Anti-human CD19 APC-Cy7 | BD Biosciences | 557791 |
| Anti-human CD68 FITC | BD Biosciences | 562117 |
| Anti-human CD86 PE-Cy7 | BD Biosciences | 561128 |
| Anti-human HLA-DR APC-Cy7 | BioLegend | 307617 |
| Anti-human HLA-DR PE-Cy5 | BD Biosciences | 555813 |
| Anti-human CD11b FITC | BD Biosciences | 562793 |
| Anti-human CD11c PE-Cy5 | BD Biosciences | 551077 |
| Anti-human CD25 PE | BD Biosciences | 555432 |
| Anti-human CD3 APC | BD Biosciences | 555342 |
| Anti-human CD56 APC | BD Biosciences | 555518 |
| Anti-human CD4 APC-Cy7 | BD Biosciences | 557871 |
| Purified mouse anti-human HLA-DR, DP, DQ | BD Pharmingen™ | 555557 |
| Anti-human TNFα FITC | BD Biosciences | 552889 |
| Anti-human IL-2 APC | BD Biosciences | 555434 |
| Anti-human IFNγ PerCP-Cy5.5 | BD Biosciences | 560704 |
| EZ-Link Sulfo-NHS-LC-Biotinylation Kit | Thermo Scientific | 21435 |
| Streptavidin–horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugate | Invitrogen | SA10001 |
| Dynabeads™ Protein G | Invitrogen | 10009D |
| Alexa Fluor™ 647 Antibody Labeling Kit | Invitrogen | A20186 |
| Abberior® STAR RED | Abberior | STRED -1002 |
| CD14 MicroBeads | Miltenyi Biotec | cat 130-050-201 |
| CD4+ T Cell Isolation Kit | Miltenyi Biotec | cat 130-096-533 |
| CellTrace™ Violet Cell Prolif. Kit | Invitrogen | C34557 |
| Interleukin-2, human | Roche | 10799068001 |
| Anti-human CD4 BUV395 | BD | 564724 |
| Anti-human HLA-DR BUV 650 | BD | 564724 |
| qEV/35nm columns SEC Columns for Exosomes Separation and Purification | IZON | – |
| PreOmics “iST” Kit | PreOmics GmbH | P.O. 00001 |
| High pH Reversed-Phase Peptide Fractionation Kit | Pierce™ | 84868 |
| EasySpray PEPMAP RSLC C18 | Thermo Fisher Scientific | ES801 |
| Intracellular Fixation and Permeabilization Buffer Set | eBioscience | 88-8824-00 |
| Anti-human Syntenin (EPR8102) | abcam | ab236071 |
| 5-nm Gold-anti-Rabbit Fabs | BBI International | |
| Formvar/Carbon Film 10 nm/1 nm thick on Square 200 mesh Copper Grid | Electron Microscopy Sciences | FCF200CU50 |
| Anti-human CD63 (Ts63) | Invitrogen | 10628D |
| Anti-human CD9 | Abcam | 92726 |
| Anti-human TSG101 (4A10) | Abcam | Ab83 |
| Anti-ApoA (EPR2949) | Santa Cruz | sc-376818 |
| Critical commercial assays | ||
| ExoTEST Ready to Use Kit for Overall Exosome capture and quantification from human plasma | Hansa BioMed | – |
| ExoView™ Tetraspanin chip | Nanoview Biosciences | |
| Software | ||
| FACSDiva | BD Biosciences | |
| FlowJO | v.10.6.2 | |
| ExoViewer | ||
| MaxQuant (MQ) | v.1.6.10.43 | |
| NTA 3.4 software | Malvern Instruments | v.3.4 |
| Perseus | ||
| Heatmapper | ||
| FunRich | v.3.1.4 | |
| R Studio | GNU | v4.0.3 |
| topGO49 | R package | v2.42.0 |
| ggplot | R package | v3.3.3 |
| Cytoscape | v3.8.2 | |
| STRINGapp | ||
| Omics visualizer app | ||
| ImageJ | NIH | |
| iTEM | ||
FITC, Fluorescein isothiocyanate; PE, Phycoerythrin; APC-Cy7, Allophycocyanin-Cy7; PE-Cy7, Phycoerythrin-Cy7; PE-Cy5, Phycoerythrin-Cy5; APC, Allophycocyanin; PerCP-Cy5.5, Peridinin chlorophyll)-Cy5.5; BUV395, Brilliant Ultraviolet 395; BUV650, Brilliant Ultraviolet 650; Hsp70, Heat shock protein 70; HLA-DR, Human Leukocyte Antigen-DR -DP -DQ isotype; TNFα, Tumor necrosis factor alpha; IL-2, Interleukin-2; IFNγ, Interferon gamma; SEC, Size Exclusion Chromatography; TSG101, tumour susceptibility gene 101; ApoA, Apolipoprotein A.