Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies.
| Study | Country | Sarcoidosis | SAPH | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Age | Sex (M/F) | Ethnicity | Smoking (yes/no) | SAPH by TTE (N) | SAPH by RHC (N) | Pre-capillary PH by RHC (N) | SAPH from database (N) | Age* | Sex* (M/F) | Sarcoidosis* stage (0/1/2/3/4) | ||
| Pabst et al. (34) | Germany | 111 | 52.2 ± 14.9 | 65/56 | NR | NR | 23 | 5 | 4 | N/A | 66.25 ± 7.80 | NR | 0/0/0/3/1 |
| Shorr et al. (43) | USA | 363 | 46 | 127/236 | 71.6% A-A | NR | NR | 268 | NR | N/A | 46.5 ± 7.8 | 97/171 | NR |
| Huitema et al. (24) | Netherlands | 479 | NR | NR | NR | NR | 42 | 17 | NR | N/A | 58.7 ± 12.9 | 13/4 | NR |
| Rapti et al. (33) | Greece | 313 | 54.08 ± 13.39 | 121/192 | NR | 110/203 | 37 | 9 | NR | N/A | NR | NR | NR |
| Milman et al. (37) | Demark | 24 | NR | 16/8 | Danish | NR | NR | 19 | 18 | N/A | 46.61 ± 6.87 | 14/5 | 0/0/3/0/16 |
| Sulica et al. (42) | USA | 354 | NR | NR | NR | NR | 54 | NR | NR | N/A | 50.3 ± 1.6 | 17/37 | 2/2/7/4/23 |
| Handa et al. (40) | Japan | 212 | 57.67 ± 14.30 | 55/157 | Japanese | 46/166 | 12 | NR | NR | N/A | 58.9 ± 13.0 | 7/5 | 2/3/1/4/2 |
| Maimon et al. (35) | Israel | 127 | 56.70 ± 13.46 | 37/91 | NR | 39/88 | 36 | NR | NR | N/A | 64.3 ± 11 | 12/25 | 1/5/13/17/0 |
| Baughman et al. (12) | USA | 130 | 53.04 ± 11.43 | 39/91 | 50.77% white | NR | NR | 70 | 50 | N/A | 52 (24–76) | 17/33 | 1/7/10/7/25 |
| Gangemi et al. (27) | USA | 28 | 59.23 ± 6.35 | 13/15 | 78.57% black | NR | NR | 11 | NR | N/A | NR | NR | NR |
| Kirkil et al. (7) | USA | 452 | 50 (25–78) | 139/313 | 68.8% white; 30.1% A-A |
NR | NR | NR | 29 | N/A | NR | NR | NR |
| Huitema et al. (32) | Netherlands | 89 | 51.69 ± 11.19 | 60/29 | NR | NR | 37 | 25 | NR | N/A | 55.8 ± 9.0 | 16/9 | 0/0/0/0/25 |
| Smedema et al. (30) | Netherlands | 87 | 53.27 ± 10.04 | 57/30 | NR | NR | 15 | NR | NR | N/A | NR | NR | NR |
| Baughman et al. (39) | USA | 142 | 51 (26–81) | 41/101 | 61.97% A-A | NR | NR | NR | 14 | N/A | NR | NR | NR |
| Nardi et al. (11) | France | 111 | NR | NR | NR | NR | 33 | NR | NR | N/A | NR | NR | NR |
| Mirsaeidi et al. (31) | USA | 108 | NR | NR | NR | NR | 6 | NR | NR | N/A | NR | NR | NR |
| Baughman et al. (41) | USA | 1,223 | NR | 370/853 | 56.50% white, 43.50% A-A |
NR | NR | 30 | 25 | N/A | NR | NR | NR |
| Bourbonnais et al. (38) | USA | 162 | 47 ± 12 | 38/124 | 88.3% A-A, 11.7% White |
23/139 | 35 | 25 | 22 | N/A | NR | NR | NR |
| Alhamad et al. (36) | Saudi Arabia | 96 | 50.47 ± 13.75 | 32/64 | NR | NR | 20 | NR | NR | N/A | 49.2 ± 14.2 | 3/17 | 0/2/6/3/9 |
| Utpat et al. (22) | India | 68 | 42.7 | 27/41 | NR | NR | 9 | NR | NR | N/A | NR | NR | NR |
| Özen et al. (23) | Turkish | 55 | 52.7 ± 10.1 | 10/45 | NR | 6/49 | 8 | 3 | 0 | N/A | 64 ± 2.646 | 0/3 | 0/1/0/0/2 |
| Tiosano et al. (25) | Israel | 3,993 | 64.2 ± 15.7 | 1,471/2,522 | NR | 1,342/2,651 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 269 | NR | NR | NR |
| Serrano et al. (26) | Spain | 5,484 | 60.62 ± 16.28 | 2,395/3,089 | NR | NR | N/A | N/A | N/A | 337 | NR | NR | NR |
| Frank et al. (28) | Germany | 9,106 | 55.4 ± 15.5 | 4,288/4,818 | NR | NR | N/A | N/A | N/A | 254 | NR | NR | NR |
| Patel et al. (29) | USA | 609,051 | 55 ± 14 | 199,769/409,282 | 43.9% white, 49.5% black |
NR | N/A | N/A | N/A | 52,442 | NR | NR | NR |
NR, not reported; N/A, not applicable; A-A, African-American.
*
Data were extracted in the priority order of pre-capillary PH by RHC, SAPH by RHC, and SAPH by TTE.