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. 2022 Jan 17;8:761191. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.761191

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Copyright © 2022 Visser, Dofferhoff, van den Ouweland, van Daal, Kramers, Schurgers, Janssen and Walk.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The association between vitamin K /vitamin D and IL-6. (A) Dp-ucMGP and IL-6 were measured in 133 COVID-19 patients. Patients were separated into three categories, mild (dp-ucMGP <1,000 pmol/L), moderate (dp-ucMGP between 1,000–2,000 pmol/L) and severe vitamin K deficiency (dp-ucMGP >2,000 pmol/L). *Significant difference in IL-6 levels was found between the dp-ucMGP groups 0–1,000 pmol/L and 1,000–2,000 pmol/L. (B) Correlation between IL-6 and dp-ucMGP, both log transformed. Line shows the result of a linear regression. (C) Vitamin 25(OH) D and IL-6 were measured in 131 COVID-19 patients. IL-6 levels were compared with different levels of vitamin 25(OH) D. There is no significant difference in IL-6 levels between groups. (D) Correlation between IL-6 and vitamin 25(OH) D, both log transformed. Line shows the result of a linear regression.