TABLE 1.

Description of interventions.

Intervention	Description
Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation (RAS) (Thaut et al., 1996)	RAS is a Neurologic Music Therapy rhythm-based rehabilitation technique designed to facilitate the rehabilitation of intrinsically rhythmic movements through rhythmic auditory cues, such as metronome beats or music with embedded metronome. The rhythmic cues are first matched to each patient’s preferred gait cadence and gradually increased/decreased 5–10% to encourage rhythmic entrainment.
Music-supported Therapy (MST) (Schneider et al., 2007)	MST is based on music playing as a rehabilitation tool to train fine and gross movement of the paretic upper extremity. Training sessions consist of playing an electronic keyboard and/or drum pads where exercises involve melodic sequences that vary in the number of tones, movement velocity, and type of movement. Exercises progressively increase in difficulty until patients learn to play songs.
Therapeutic Instrumental Music Performance (TIMP) (Thaut and Hoemberg, 2014)	TIMP is a Neurologic Music Therapy technique that involves playing musical instruments to exercise and stimulate functional movement patterns. In this technique, musical instruments such as drums or keyboard are not played in a traditional manner but are rather placed in strategic locations relative to the patient’s body to train range of motion, endurance, strength, functional hand movements, finger dexterity, and limb coordination. Training exercises involve a strong rhythmic component whereby metronome or music are used to provide rhythmic cues to facilitate auditory-motor entrainment. Cueing frequency is initially matched to the patient’s comfort level and gradually decreased/increased depending on the therapy goal.
Patterned Sensory Enhancement (PSE) (Thaut and Hoemberg, 2014)	PSE is a Neurologic Music Therapy technique that takes advantage of the rhythmic, melodic, harmonic, and dynamic-acoustical elements of music to provide temporal, spatial, and force cues. This technique uses musical patterns to structure and regulate movement patterns and can be applied to movements that are not rhythmical by nature (e.g., arm and hand movements, functional movement sequences such as dressing or sit-to-stand transfers).