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. 2022 Jan 17;12:818880. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2021.818880

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Copyright © 2022 Raza, Riaz, Atif, Hussain, Rana, Ali, Budak and Alaraidh.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Boxplots showing evolution patterns in M- and MIKC-type wheat MADS-box genes. The coding sequences of the duplicated genes were MAFFT aligned (Katoh and Standley, 2013; Katoh et al., 2018), masked and subjected to SNAP V2.1.1 program for computing the synonymous (Ks) and non-synonymous (Ka) substitution rates. The divergence time between duplicated genes pairs was estimated in million years ago (MYA) by following El Baidouri et al. (2017) and boxplots were generated using Microsoft Excel 2019.