Table 4.
Multivariable logistic regression model results: unadjusted and adjusted odds of decline in functional status.
| Patient characteristic variable | Unadjusted OR | Unadjusted 95% CI | Adjusted OR | Adjusted 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male sex | 0.98 | (0.58–1.67) | 1.21 | (0.60–2.43) |
| Age categories | ||||
| 0–11 months old | Reference | Reference | ||
| 12–60 months old | 0.49 | (0.26–0.93) | 0.75 | (0.32–1.80) |
| 5–12 years old | 0.76 | (0.36–1.62) | 0.57 | (0.10–3.14) |
| 12–14 years old | 1.12 | (0.38–3.70) | 0.34 | (0.03–4.44) |
| Nutritional status by WFAZ category | ||||
| Severely underweight | Reference | Reference | ||
| Underweight | 0.23 | (0.08–0.70) | 0.14 | (0.03–0.64) |
| Average weight | 0.16 | (0.08–0.32) | 0.21 | (0.09–0.49) |
| Overweight | 0.38 | (0.20–0.73) | 0.37 | (0.08–1.69) |
| History of CHD | 4.14 | (2.23–7.72) | 1.96 | (0.73–5.29) |
| Maternal education level | ||||
| None | Reference | Reference | ||
| Primary school | 0.73 | (0.25–2.14) | 0.46 | (0.12–1.79) |
| Secondary school | 0.35 | (0.10–1.15) | 0.23 | (0.05–1.06) |
| University/advanced degree | 0.23 | (0.07–0.82) | 0.13 | (0.03–0.71) |
| Fever duration >2 days | 0.57 | (0.29–1.11) | 0.47 | (0.22–0.97) |
| Abnormal heart rate for age | 1.77 | (1.02–3.08) | 2.62 | (1.24–5.53) |
| Hypoxic (O2 <92%) | 2.97 | (1.49–5.91) | 0.45 | (0.12–1.74) |
| Not alert on presentation | 3.23 | (1.53–6.84) | 3.35 | (1.28–8.74) |
| Hospital length of stay (Days) | 1.01 | (1.00–1.02) | 1.01 | (1.00–1.02) |
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; WFAZ, weight-for-age z-score; severely underweight: WFAZ < −3; underweight: WFAZ −2 to −3; average weight: WFAZ −2 to 2; overweight: WFAZ >2; CHD, congenital heart disease; patients were assessed for alertness at presentation using the AVPU (alert-verbal-painful-unresponsive) scale of level of consciousness; O2, oxygen saturation. Bold values indicate significant findings with a p-value <0.05 and a 95% confidence interval not crossing 1.