Figure 4.

Number of studies by data source used to construct effective coverage measure and level of data collection. Primary HH survey and primary HF indicate primary data collection undertaken by the study authors. Two studies conducted observations of care as part of the HF survey [38,39] and four studies included observations collected as part of SPA [33,40-42]. *One study examining childbirth, immediate newborn care and sick child care, used the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT) and routine data: the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS) performance indicators from health management information systems [43]. †Surveillance data refers to demographic surveillance data collected as part of the Newhints trial [44]. ‡One study of sick newborns did not include a household survey, instead authors estimated the population in need by applying the rate of live births requiring inpatient services to the total number of live births extrapolated from the DHS [45]. DHS – Demographic Health Survey, HF – health facility survey, HH – household survey, IMSS – Mexican Institute of Social Security performance indicators from health management information systems, MICS – Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys, SARA – Service Availability and Readiness Assessment, SPA – Service Provision Assessment.